doraemon的python django框架的路由详解（国庆大更新）

### 11.8 路由

#### 11.8.1 urlconf

```python
from django.conf.urls import url
from app01 import views
urlpatterns = [
    url(r‘^admin/‘,admin.site.urls),   #这里用到了正则
    url(r‘^home‘,views.home,{},name=‘home‘), 
]
```

#### 11.8.2 分组和命名分组

url上捕获的都是字符串

分组

```python
url(r‘^blog/([0-9]{4})/(\d{2})),views.blogs,name=‘blogs‘)
    
#以括号为单位，捕获到的参数会按照位置传参传递给视图函数
```

命名分组

```python
url(r‘^blog/(?P<year>[0-9]{4})/(?P<month>\d{2})),views.blogs,name=‘blogs‘)
    
#捕获的参数会按照关键字传参传递给视图函数
```

传递参数

```python
url(r‘^home/(?P<year>\d{4})$‘),views.home,{‘year‘:2019,name=‘home‘})
```



#### 11.8.3 路由分发

```python
from django.conf.urls import url,include
from django.contrib import admin
from app01 import views
urlpatterns = [
    url(r‘^admin/‘,admin.site.urls),   #这里用到了正则
    url(r‘^app01‘,include(‘app01.urls‘,namespace=‘app01‘)), 
    url(r‘^app02‘,include(‘app02.urls‘,namespace=‘app02‘)), 
]
```

#### 11.8.4 url的命名和反向解析

静态路由

```python
url(r‘^home/$‘,views.home,name=‘home‘)
```

反向解析：

- 模板   {% url ‘blog‘ %}   ------>‘app01/home/‘
- py文件 

```python
from django.urls import reverse
reverse(‘home‘)  ---->‘app01/home/‘
```

分组：

```python
url(r‘^blog/([0-9]{4})/(\d{2})),views.blogs,name=‘blogs‘)
```

反向解析：

- 模板  {% url ‘blog‘ ‘2019‘ ‘06‘%}   ------>‘app01/blog/2019/06‘
- py文件

```python
from django.urls import reverse
reverse(‘blogs‘,‘args=(‘2019‘,‘06‘)‘)  ---->‘app01/blog/2019/06‘
```

命名分组：

```python
url(r‘^blog/(?P<year>[0-9]{4})/(?P<month>\d{2})),views.blogs,name=‘blogs‘)
```

反向解析：

- 模板
  - {% url ‘blog‘ ‘2019‘ ‘06‘%}   ------>‘app01/blog/2019/06‘   按照位置传参
  - {% url‘blogs year=‘2019‘ month=‘06‘ %}-----> ‘app01/blog/2019/06‘   按照关键字传参
- py文件

```python
from django.urls import reverse
reverse(‘blogs‘,‘args=(‘2019‘,‘06‘)‘)  ---->‘app01/blog/2019/06‘
from django.urls import reverse
reverse(‘blogs‘,‘kwargs=(‘year‘=2019‘,‘month‘=‘06‘)‘)  ---->‘app01/blog/2019/06‘

```



#### 11.8.5 namespace

```python
 url(r‘^app01‘,include(‘app01.urls‘,namespace=‘app01‘)),
```

应用

```python
{% url ‘app01:home‘ %}   #在模板中应用，一定要加上namespace
reverse(‘app01:home‘)    #在py文件中应用，一定要加上namespace
```