python读取excel数据并且画图的实现示例

一,要读取的数据的格式：

二,数据读取部分：

b站视频参考：https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV14C4y1W7Nj?t=148

# 1930
workbook=xlrd.open_workbook('1930.xlsx')
sheet= workbook.sheet_by_index(0)
A1=[]
B1=[]
# sheet.cell_value(i,0):第i行的第0个元素
for i in range(1,sheet.nrows):
 A1.append(sheet.cell_value(i,0))
 B1.append(sheet.cell_value(i,1))
 
if len(A1)!=len(B1):
 print("False")
drawBar(A1,B1,1930)
 

三,画图函数

1. def drawBar(Music_genre,singer_num,year)

参数介绍

参数名 参数含义 Music_genre 音乐流派名称list singer_num 音乐流派对应音乐家数量list year 读的文件的年份(因为源代码是从1840到2020的)

def drawBar(Music_genre,singer_num,year):
 arr_len=len(Music_genre)
 # 由循环得到一个字典，key是音乐流派，value是这个音乐流派对应的音乐家的数量
 i=0
 dict_music_singer={}
 while i<arr_len:
 dict_music_singer[Music_genre[i]]=singer_num[i]
 i=i+1
 
	# 注释1
 pyplot.bar(x=0, bottom=range(arr_len), height=0.3, width=singer_num, orientation="horizontal")
 # 注释2
 pyplot.yticks(range(arr_len),Music_genre)
 # 加title，展示图像
 pyplot.title(year)
 pyplot.show()
 
 ...
 ...
 drawBar(A1,B1,1930)
 

注释1：

"""
 水平条形图，需要修改以下属性
 orientation="horizontal"
"""
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
 
# 数据
N = 5
x = [20, 10, 30, 25, 15]
y = [0,1,2,3,4]
 
# 绘图 x= 起始位置， bottom= 水平条的底部(左侧), y轴， height 水平条的宽度， width 水平条的长度
p1 = plt.bar(x=0, bottom=y, height=0.5, width=x, orientation="horizontal")
pyplot.bar(range(arr_len),singer_num,align='center')
pyplot.bar(x=0, bottom=range(arr_len), height=0.5, width=singer_num, orientation="horizontal")
# 展示图形
plt.show()

注释2：plt.xticks的第一个参数和plt.plot的第一个参数一样，第二个参数是和第一个参数相同长度的list此例中用来代替横坐标

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
x = [1, 2, 3, 4]
y = [1, 4, 9, 6]
labels = ['Frogs', 'Hogs', 'Bogs', 'Slogs']
 
plt.plot(x, y)
# You can specify a rotation for the tick labels in degrees or with keywords.
plt.xticks(x, labels, rotation='vertical')
# Pad margins so that markers don't get clipped by the axes
plt.margins(0.2)
# Tweak spacing to prevent clipping of tick-labels
plt.subplots_adjust(bottom=0.15)
plt.show()

1.1 效果：

1.2 完整代码

import pandas as pd
import numpy as np 
import xlrd
from matplotlib import pyplot
def drawBar(Music_genre,singer_num,year):
 arr_len=len(Music_genre)
 
 i=0
 dict_music_singer={}
 while i<arr_len:
 dict_music_singer[Music_genre[i]]=singer_num[i]
 i=i+1
 #pyplot.bar(range(arr_len),singer_num,align='center')
 pyplot.bar(x=0, bottom=range(arr_len), height=0.3, width=singer_num, orientation="horizontal")
 pyplot.yticks(range(arr_len),Music_genre)
 pyplot.title(year)
 pyplot.show()
 
 
# 1930
workbook=xlrd.open_workbook('1930.xlsx')
sheet= workbook.sheet_by_index(0)
A1=[]
B1=[]
for i in range(1,sheet.nrows):
 A1.append(sheet.cell_value(i,0))
 B1.append(sheet.cell_value(i,1))
 
if len(A1)!=len(B1):
 print("False")
drawBar(A1,B1,1930)
 
 
 
# 1940
workbook=xlrd.open_workbook('1940.xlsx')
sheet= workbook.sheet_by_index(0)
A2=[]
B2=[]
for i in range(1,sheet.nrows):
 A2.append(sheet.cell_value(i,0))
 B2.append(sheet.cell_value(i,1))
 
if len(A2)!=len(B2):
 print("False")
drawBar(A2,B2,1940)
 
 
 
# 
workbook=xlrd.open_workbook('1950.xlsx')
sheet= workbook.sheet_by_index(0)
A3=[]
B3=[]
for i in range(1,sheet.nrows):
 A3.append(sheet.cell_value(i,0))
 B3.append(sheet.cell_value(i,1))
 
if len(A3)!=len(B3):
 print("False")
drawBar(A3,B3,1950)
 
 
 
# 6
workbook=xlrd.open_workbook('1960.xlsx')
sheet= workbook.sheet_by_index(0)
A4=[]
B4=[]
for i in range(1,sheet.nrows):
 A4.append(sheet.cell_value(i,0))
 B4.append(sheet.cell_value(i,1))
 
if len(A4)!=len(B4):
 print("False")
drawBar(A4,B4,1960)
 
 
 
 
# 
workbook=xlrd.open_workbook('1970.xlsx')
sheet= workbook.sheet_by_index(0)
A5=[]
B5=[]
for i in range(1,sheet.nrows):
 A5.append(sheet.cell_value(i,0))
 B5.append(sheet.cell_value(i,1))
 
if len(A5)!=len(B5):
 print("False")
drawBar(A5,B5,1970)
 
 
 
 
# 
workbook=xlrd.open_workbook('1980.xlsx')
sheet= workbook.sheet_by_index(0)
A6=[]
B6=[]
for i in range(1,sheet.nrows):
 A6.append(sheet.cell_value(i,0))
 B6.append(sheet.cell_value(i,1))
 
if len(A6)!=len(B6):
 print("False")
drawBar(A6,B6,1980)
 
 
 
 
# 9
workbook=xlrd.open_workbook('1990.xlsx')
sheet= workbook.sheet_by_index(0)
A7=[]
B7=[]
for i in range(1,sheet.nrows):
 A7.append(sheet.cell_value(i,0))
 B7.append(sheet.cell_value(i,1))
 
if len(A7)!=len(B7):
 print("False")
drawBar(A7,B7,1990)
 
 
 
 
# 2000
workbook=xlrd.open_workbook('2000.xlsx')
sheet= workbook.sheet_by_index(0)
A8=[]
B8=[]
for i in range(1,sheet.nrows):
 A8.append(sheet.cell_value(i,0))
 B8.append(sheet.cell_value(i,1))
 
if len(A8)!=len(B8):
 print("False")
drawBar(A8,B8,2000)
 
 
 
 
# 
workbook=xlrd.open_workbook('2010.xlsx')
sheet= workbook.sheet_by_index(0)
A9=[]
B9=[]
for i in range(1,sheet.nrows):
 A9.append(sheet.cell_value(i,0))
 B9.append(sheet.cell_value(i,1))
 
if len(A9)!=len(B9):
 print("False")
drawBar(A9,B9,2010)
 
 
 
 
# # 
# workbook=xlrd.open_workbook('2020.xlsx')
# sheet= workbook.sheet_by_index(0)
# A2=[]
# B2=[]
# for i in range(1,sheet.nrows):
# A2.append(sheet.cell_value(i,0))
# B2.append(sheet.cell_value(i,1))
 
# if len(A2)!=len(B2):
# print("False")
# drawBar(A2,B2,2020)
 
 
 
 
 
 

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