英文文档: getattr(object, name[, default]) Return the value of the named attribute of object. name must be a string. If the string is the name of one of the object's attributes, the result is the value of that attribute. For example,
英文文档:
getattr(object, name[, default])
Return the value of the named attribute of object. name must be a string. If the string is the name of one of the object's attributes, the result is the value of that attribute. For example, getattr(x, 'foobar') is equivalent to x.foobar. If the named attribute does not exist, default is returned if provided, otherwise AttributeError is raised.
获取对象的属性值
说明:
1. 函数功能是从对象object中获取名称为name的属性,等效与调用object.name。
#定义类Student >>> class Student: def __init__(self,name): self.name = name >>> s = Stduent('Aim') >>> getattr(s,'name') #等效于调用s.name 'Aim' >>> s.name 'Aim'
2. 函数第三个参数default为可选参数,如果object中含义name属性,则返回name属性的值,如果没有name属性,则返回default值,如果default未传入值,则报错。
#定义类Student >>> class Student: def __init__(self,name): self.name = name >>> getattr(s,'name') #存在属性name 'Aim' >>> getattr(s,'age',6) #不存在属性age,但提供了默认值,返回默认值 6 >>> getattr(s,'age') #不存在属性age,未提供默认值,调用报错 Traceback (most recent call last): File "<pyshell#17>", line 1, in <module> getattr(s,'age') AttributeError: 'Stduent' object has no attribute 'age'
与__getattr__的区别:
__getattr__是类的内置方法,当找不到某个属性时会调用该方法;找到就不会调用.
getattr与类无关.
一个例子:作为data的代理类,可以以这种方式来使用data的属性.
class DataProxy(...): def __getattr__(self, item): return getattr(self.data, item)
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