编写脚本实现DHCP服务与DHCP中继自动化执行 本脚本是在liunx搭建DHCP服务器以及DHCP中继服务器实验环境下实现的https://www.cnblogs.com/yuzly/p/10539317.html 源码如下: #!/bin/ bash#该脚本用于自动化
编写脚本实现DHCP服务与DHCP中继自动化执行
本脚本是在liunx搭建DHCP服务器以及DHCP中继服务器实验环境下实现的https://www.cnblogs.com/yuzly/p/10539317.html
源码如下:
#!/bin/bash #该脚本用于自动化配置DHCP服务器以及DHCP中继 #作者:雨中落叶 #博客:https://www.cnblogs.com/yuzly/ echo "**************************** 1.部署DHCP服务器 2.部署网关 3.部署DHCP中继 ****************************" read -p "请输入部署选项:" Num case $Num in 1) #DHCP服务器配置 #关闭防火墙避免影响实验 service iptables stop &>/dev/null setenforce 0 #1.获取用户输入的DHCP服务器的相关网络参数 read -p "请输入DHCP服务器的IP地址:" IP read -p "请输入DHCP服务器的子网掩码:" MASK read -p "请输入DHCP服务器的网关地址:" GW read -p "请输入DHCP服务器的首选DNS地址:" DNS1 read -p "请输入DHCP服务器的辅助DNS地址:" DNS2 #2.设置DHCP服务器的网卡IP地址 ETH=$(ifconfig | grep "^eth" | awk ‘{print $1}‘) MAC=$(ifconfig | grep "^eth" | awk ‘{print $5}‘) echo "DEVICE=$ETH HWADDR=$MAC TYPE=Ethernet ONBOOT=yes BOOTPROTO=static IPADDR=$IP NETMASK=$MASK GATEWAY=$GW DNS1=$DNS1 DNS2=$DNS2" >/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-$ETH #重启网络服务 #service NetworkManager stop #为了防止下次启动时，该服务重新启动，解决方法： chkconfig NetworkManager off再重启网卡，就可以了,启动网络服务报错然后用ifdown eth1 ifdown eth1报错,只能关闭NetworkManager服务来解决 service NetworkManager stop service network restart #3.检测是否安装DHCP服务,配置DHCP服务 #定义函数 dhpool(){ #配置dhcp地址池1 echo "******配置DHCP地址池1**********" read -p "请输入DHCP作用域网段:" DHNET read -p "请输入DHCP作用域网段的子网掩码:" DHMASK read -p "请输入地址池开始IP地址:" DHIP1 read -p "请输入地址池结束IP地址:" DHIP2 read -p "请输入DNS:" DHDNS read -p "请输入网关地址:" DHGW read -p "请输入广播地址:" DHB #把dhcp配置模板中部分需要的内容复制到dhcp的配置文件中 conf=/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf grep -v "#" /usr/share/doc/dhcp-4.1.1/dhcpd.conf.sample | grep -v "^$" | sed -n ‘17,25p‘ >$conf #修改dhcp配置文件 sub=$(grep subnet $conf |awk ‘{print $2}‘) submask=$(grep subnet $conf |awk ‘{print $4}‘) range1=$(grep range $conf | awk ‘{print $2}‘) range2=$(grep range $conf | awk ‘{print $3}‘ | awk -F";" ‘{print $1}‘) dns=$(grep domain-name-servers $conf |awk ‘{print $3}‘|awk -F";" ‘{print $1}‘) gw=$(grep routers $conf | awk ‘{print $3}‘ | awk -F";" ‘{print $1}‘) broadcast=$(grep broadcast-address $conf | awk ‘{print $3}‘|awk -F";" ‘{print $1}‘) #sed -i 是替换字符串 sed -i "s/$sub/$DHNET/g" $conf sed -i "s/$submask/$DHMASK/g" $conf sed -i "s/$range1/$DHIP1/g" $conf sed -i "s/$range2/$DHIP2/g" $conf sed -i "s/$dns/$DHDNS/g" $conf sed -i "s/$gw/$DHGW/g" $conf sed -i "s/$broadcast/$DHB/g" $conf #配置dncp地址池2 echo "******配置DHCP地址池2*********" read -p "请输入DHCP作用域网段:" dhNET read -p "请输入DHCP作用域网段的子网掩码:" dhMASK read -p "请输入地址池开始IP地址:" dhIP1 read -p "请输入地址池结束IP地址:" dhIP2 read -p "请输入DNS:" dhDNS read -p "请输入网关地址:" dhGW read -p "请输入广播地址:" dhB #把dhcp配置模板中部分需要的内容复制到dhcp的配置文件中 conf=/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf grep -v "#" /usr/share/doc/dhcp-4.1.1/dhcpd.conf.sample | grep -v "^$" | sed -n ‘17,25p‘ >>$conf #修改dhcp配置文件 sub1=$(grep subnet $conf |awk ‘{print $2}‘ | sed -n 2p) submask1=$(grep subnet $conf |awk ‘{print $4}‘| sed -n 2p) range11=$(grep range $conf | awk ‘{print $2}‘| sed -n 2p) range22=$(grep range $conf | awk ‘{print $3}‘| sed -n 2p | awk -F";" ‘{print $1}‘) dns1=$(grep domain-name-servers $conf |awk ‘{print $3}‘|awk -F";" ‘{print $1}‘|sed -n 2p) gw1=$(grep routers $conf | awk ‘{print $3}‘ | awk -F";" ‘{print $1}‘| sed -n 2p) broadcast1=$(grep broadcast-address $conf | awk ‘{print $3}‘|awk -F";" ‘{print $1}‘|sed -n 2p) #sed -i 是替换字符串 sed -i "10,18s/$sub1/$dhNET/g" $conf sed -i "10,18s/$submask1/$dhMASK/g" $conf sed -i "10,18s/$range11/$dhIP1/g" $conf sed -i "10,18s/$range22/$dhIP2/g" $conf sed -i "10,18s/$dns1/$dhDNS/g" $conf sed -i "10,18s/$gw1/$dhGW/g" $conf sed -i "10,18s/$broadcast1/$dhB/g" $conf echo "********************************************" read -p "是否给指定主机分配指定IP(y/n):" zhiding #注意=两边各有一个空格，这是unix shell的要求 if [ $zhiding = "y" ] then read -p "请输入要指定的主机的MAC地址：" zMAC read -p "请输入要给主机指定分配的IP(IP必须在地址池内):" zIP echo "host joe { hardware ethernet $zMAC; fixed-address $zIP; }" >>$conf fi #启动dhcp服务 service dhcpd start } n=$(rpm -qa | grep dhcp |wc -l) if [ $n -eq 2 ] then #调用函数 dhpool else #挂载光盘，开始安装dhcp服务 echo "当前电脑没有安装dhcp服务,开始安装....." mount /dev/sr0 /mnt &>/dev/null rpm -ivh /mnt/Packages/dhcp-4.1.1-38.P1.el6.x86_64.rpm &>/dev/null echo "dhcp服务安装完成!" #调用函数 dhpool fi ;; 2) #网关服务器配置 service iptables stop &>/dev/null setenforce 0 #1.获取用户输入的网关服务器的相关网络参数 ETH1=$(ifconfig | grep "^eth" |awk ‘{print $1}‘|sed -n 1p) ETH2=$(ifconfig | grep "^eth" |awk ‘{print $1}‘|sed -n 2p) GWMAC1=$(ifconfig |grep "^eth" |sed -n 1p |awk ‘{print $5}‘) GWMAC2=$(ifconfig |grep "^eth" |sed -n 2p |awk ‘{print $5}‘) read -p "请输入网关服务器的$ETH1接口IP地址:" GWIP1 read -p "请输入网关服务器的$ETH1接口IP地址的子网掩码:" GWMASK1 read -p "请输入网关服务器的$ETH1接口首选DNS地址:" GWDNS1 read -p "请输入网关服务器的$ETH1接口辅助DNS地址:" GWDNS2 read -p "请输入网关服务器的$ETH2接口IP地址:" GWIP2 read -p "请输入网关服务器的$ETH2接口IP地址的子网掩码:" GWMASK2 read -p "请输入网关服务器的$ETH2接口首选DNS地址:" GWDNS11 read -p "请输入网关服务器的$ETH2接口辅助DNS地址:" GWDNS22 #设置网关服务器的IP地址 echo "DEVICE=$ETH1 HWADDR=$GWMAC1 TYPE=Ethernet ONBOOT=yes BOOTPROTO=static IPADDR=$GWIP1 NETMASK=$GWMASK1 DNS1=$GWDNS1 DNS2=$GWDNS2" >/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-$ETH1 echo "DEVICE=$ETH2 HWADDR=$GWMAC2 TYPE=Ethernet ONBOOT=yes BOOTPROTO=static IPADDR=$GWIP2 NETMASK=$GWMASK2 DNS1=$GWDNS11 DNS2=$GWDNS22" >/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-$ETH2 #重启网络服务 service NetworkManager stop service network restart #开启路由转发功能,在内核中配置,然后sysctl -p使内核配置生效 sed -i "s/net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0/net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1/g" /etc/sysctl.conf sysctl -p &>/dev/null ;; 3) #DHCP中继服务器配置 service iptables stop >/dev/null setenforce 0 #1.获取用户输入的DHCP中继服务器的相关网络参数 DHRETH=$(ifconfig | grep "^eth" | awk ‘{print $1}‘) DHRMAC=$(ifconfig | grep "^eth" | awk ‘{print $5}‘) read -p "请输入DHCP中继服务器的IP地址:" DHRIP read -p "请输入DHCP中继服务器的子网掩码:" DHRMASK read -p "请输入DHCP中继服务器的网关地址:" DHRGW read -p "请输入DHCP中继服务器的首选DNS地址:" DHRDNS1 read -p "请输入DHCP中继服务器的辅助DNS地址:" DHRDNS2 #设置DHCP中继服务器的IP地址 echo "DEVICE=$DHRETH HWADDR=$DHRMAC TYPE=Ethernet ONBOOT=yes BOOTPROTO=static IPADDR=$DHRIP NETMASK=$DHRMASK GATEWAY=$DHRGW DNS1=$DHRDNS1 DNS2=$DHRDNS2" >/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-$DHRETH #重启网络服务 service NetworkManager stop service network restart #DHCP中继配置 n1=$(rpm -qa | grep dhcp |wc -l) if [ $n1 -eq 2 ] then read -p "请输入要中继的dhcp服务器的IP地址:" dhcrelayip sed -i "s/INTERFACES=\"\"/INTERFACES=\"$DHRETH\"/g" /etc/sysconfig/dhcrelay sed -i "s/DHCPSERVERS=\"\"/DHCPSERVERS=\"$dhcrelayip\"/g" /etc/sysconfig/dhcrelay else echo "当前电脑没有安装dhcp服务,安装中......" mount /dev/sr0 /mnt &>/dev/null rpm -ivh /mnt/Packages/dhcp-4.1.1-38.P1.el6.x86_64.rpm &>/dev/null echo "dhcp服务安装完成!" read -p "请输入要中继的dhcp服务器的IP地址:" dhcrelayip sed -i "s/INTERFACES=\"\"/INTERFACES=\"$DHRETH\"/g" /etc/sysconfig/dhcrelay sed -i "s/DHCPSERVERS=\"\"/DHCPSERVERS=\"$dhcrelayip\"/g" /etc/sysconfig/dhcrelay fi #启动dhcp中继服务 service dhcrelay start ;; *) echo "输入错误,请输入相应的数字!" ;; esac
1.在dhcp server端执行脚本
2.测试dhcp server是否搭建成功，当然也可以看dhcp配置文件看看脚本有没有写进去,注意这里设置了指定分配IP给特定主机，下图可以看到没有从起始IP开始分配，而是分配到了特定的IP
3. 在网关服务器上布置网关配置 #记得开启路由转发功能
4.查看是否配置成功
5. 在DHCP中继服务器上配置
6.测试DHCP中继是否配置成功
注意：
本次实验为例避免不必要的因素干扰实验，需要关闭防火墙,service iptables stop 关闭linux系统安全措施 setenforce 0
本次实验可能会出现的问题，redhat系统可能会出现重启网络服务(service network start)，重启失败，提示“激活连接失败”，通过ifdown、ifup或者ifconfig ethx down ifconfig ethx up 还是报错,提示激活连接失败，这时可能是因为network服务与NetworkManager服务可能存在冲突,关闭NetworkManager服务即可(service NetworkManager stop)
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liunx搭建DHCP服务器以及DHCP中继服务器：https://www.cnblogs.com/yuzly/p/10539317.html