http://www.vcchar.com/thread-1527-1-1.html
设置IP地址只需要更改注册表中关于适配器的相应设置,但更改后需要重新启动系统才能生效,而AddIPAddress函数只能添加IP而不是更改当前的IP,我们在Windows NT/2000界面上操作不需要重新启动就可以生效,那系统到底做了什么额外的工作才使IP设置直接生效呢?笔者通过跟踪explorer.exe中API的调用发现在netcfgx.dll中调用了dhcpcsvc.dll中一个未公开的API:DhcpNotifyConfigChange,现将 不重新启动WINDOWS直接更改IP地址的详细方法介绍如下
一、获取适配器名称
这里指的适配器名称要区别于适配器描述,比如我的一块网卡,适配器描述是:Realtek RTL8139(A) PCI Fast Ethernet Adapter,适配器名称为:{66156DC3-44A4-434C-B8A9-0E5DB4B3EEAD}。获取适配器名称的方法有多种:
二、调用IP helper API取得适配器名称
- ULONG ulAdapterInfoSize = sizeof(IP_ADAPTER_INFO);
- IP_ADAPTER_INFO *pAdapterInfoBkp, *pAdapterInfo = (IP_ADAPTER_INFO*)new char[ulAdapterInfoSize];
- if( GetAdaptersInfo(pAdapterInfo, &ulAdapterInfoSize) == ERROR_BUFFER_OVERFLOW ) // 缓冲区不够大
- {
- delete pAdapterInfo;
- pAdapterInfo = (IP_ADAPTER_INFO*)new char[ulAdapterInfoSize];
- pAdapterInfoBkp = pAdapterInfo;
- }
- if( GetAdaptersInfo(pAdapterInfo, &ulAdapterInfoSize) == ERROR_SUCCESS )
- {
- do{ // 遍历所有适配器
- if(pAdapterInfo->Type == MIB_IF_TYPE_ETHERNET) // 判断是否为以太网接口
- {
- // pAdapterInfo->Description 是适配器描述
- // pAdapterInfo->AdapterName 是适配器名称
- }
- pAdapterInfo = pAdapterInfo->Next;
- }while(pAdapterInfo);
- }
- delete pAdapterInfoBkp;
三、读取注册表取得适配器名称
在Windows2000中可以通过遍历 HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\System\CurrentControlSet\Control\Class\{4d36e972-e325-11ce-bfc1-08002be10318}\000n\ (n是从0开始编号的数字)所有接口, 在Windows NT中可以读取HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\NetworkCards中的信息,通过GUID找到类似HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Services\Tcpip\Parameters\Interfaces\{8202c21f-87e8-4ed0-baeb-6441a7789ba9}这样的主键,下面以Windows2000为例:
- HKEY hKey, hSubKey, hNdiIntKey;
- if(RegOpenKeyEx(HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE,
- "System//CurrentControlSet//Control//Class//{4d36e972-e325-11ce-bfc1-08002be10318}",
- 0,
- KEY_READ,
- &hKey) != ERROR_SUCCESS)
- return FALSE;
- DWORD dwIndex = 0;
- DWORD dwBufSize = 256;
- DWORD dwDataType;
- char szSubKey[256];
- unsigned char szData[256];
- while(RegEnumKeyEx(hKey, dwIndex++, szSubKey, &dwBufSize, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL) == ERROR_SUCCESS)
- {
- if(RegOpenKeyEx(hKey, szSubKey, 0, KEY_READ, &hSubKey) == ERROR_SUCCESS)
- {
- if(RegOpenKeyEx(hSubKey, "Ndi//Interfaces", 0, KEY_READ, &hNdiIntKey) == ERROR_SUCCESS)
- {
- dwBufSize = 256;
- if(RegQueryValueEx(hNdiIntKey, "LowerRange", 0, &dwDataType, szData, &dwBufSize) == ERROR_SUCCESS)
- {
- if(strcmp((char*)szData, "ethernet") == 0) // 判断是不是以太网卡
- {
- dwBufSize = 256;
- if(RegQueryValueEx(hSubKey, "DriverDesc", 0, &dwDataType, szData, &dwBufSize) == ERROR_SUCCESS)
- {
- // szData 中便是适配器详细描述
- dwBufSize = 256;
- if(RegQueryValueEx(hSubKey, "NetCfgInstanceID", 0, &dwDataType, szData, &dwBufSize) == ERROR_SUCCESS)
- {
- // szData 中便是适配器名称
- }
- }
- }
- }
- RegCloseKey(hNdiIntKey);
- }
- RegCloseKey(hSubKey);
- }
- dwBufSize = 256;
- } /* end of while */
- RegCloseKey(hKey);
四、将IP信息写入注册表
代码如下
- BOOL RegSetIP(LPCTSTR lpszAdapterName, LPCTSTR pIPAddress, LPCTSTR pNetMask, LPCTSTR pNetGate)
- {
- HKEY hKey;
- string strKeyName = "SYSTEM//CurrentControlSet//Services//Tcpip//Parameters//Interfaces//";
- strKeyName += lpszAdapterName;
- if(RegOpenKeyEx(HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE,
- strKeyName.c_str(),
- 0,
- KEY_WRITE,
- &hKey) != ERROR_SUCCESS)
- return FALSE;
- char mszIPAddress[100];
- char mszNetMask[100];
- char mszNetGate[100];
- strncpy(mszIPAddress, pIPAddress, 98);
- strncpy(mszNetMask, pNetMask, 98);
- strncpy(mszNetGate, pNetGate, 98);
- int nIP, nMask, nGate;
- nIP = strlen(mszIPAddress);
- nMask = strlen(mszNetMask);
- nGate = strlen(mszNetGate);
- *(mszIPAddress + nIP + 1) = 0x00; // REG_MULTI_SZ数据需要在后面再加个0
- nIP += 2;
- *(mszNetMask + nMask + 1) = 0x00;
- nMask += 2;
- *(mszNetGate + nGate + 1) = 0x00;
- nGate += 2;
- RegSetValueEx(hKey, "IPAddress", 0, REG_MULTI_SZ, (unsigned char*)mszIPAddress, nIP);
- RegSetValueEx(hKey, "SubnetMask", 0, REG_MULTI_SZ, (unsigned char*)mszNetMask, nMask);
- RegSetValueEx(hKey, "DefaultGateway", 0, REG_MULTI_SZ, (unsigned char*)mszNetGate, nGate);
- RegCloseKey(hKey);
- return TRUE;
- }
五、调用DhcpNotifyConfigChange通知配置的改变
未公开函数DhcpNotifyConfigChange位于 dhcpcsvc.dll中,原型如下:
- BOOL DhcpNotifyConfigChange(
- LPWSTR lpwszServerName, // 本地机器为NULL
- LPWSTR lpwszAdapterName, // 适配器名称
- BOOL bNewIpAddress, // TRUE表示更改IP
- DWORD dwIpIndex, // 指明第几个IP地址,如果只有该接口只有一个IP地址则为0
- DWORD dwIpAddress, // IP地址
- DWORD dwSubNetMask, // 子网掩码
- int nDhcpAction ); // 对DHCP的操作 0:不修改, 1:启用 DHCP,2:禁用 DHCP
具体调用代码如下:
- BOOL NotifyIPChange(LPCTSTR lpszAdapterName, int nIndex, LPCTSTR pIPAddress, LPCTSTR pNetMask)
- {
- BOOL bResult = FALSE;
- HINSTANCE hDhcpDll;
- DHCPNOTIFYPROC pDhcpNotifyProc;
- WCHAR wcAdapterName[256];
- MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP, 0, lpszAdapterName, -1, wcAdapterName,256);
- if((hDhcpDll = LoadLibrary("dhcpcsvc")) == NULL)
- return FALSE;
- if((pDhcpNotifyProc = (DHCPNOTIFYPROC)GetProcAddress(hDhcpDll, "DhcpNotifyConfigChange")) != NULL)
- if((pDhcpNotifyProc)(NULL, wcAdapterName, TRUE, nIndex, inet_addr(pIPAddress), inet_addr(pNetMask), 0) == ERROR_SUCCESS)
- bResult = TRUE;
- FreeLibrary(hDhcpDll);
- return bResult;
- }