在Rails中,ActiveRecord :: Base.new用于实例化尚未保存到数据库的新记录: new_user = User.new(name: "Bob")new_user.new_record? # = true 那么Rails如何实例化从数据库中检索的记录呢?它是否使用相同的新
new_user = User.new(name: "Bob") new_user.new_record? # => true
那么Rails如何实例化从数据库中检索的记录呢?它是否使用相同的新方法,然后在事后更改@new_record之类的值?或者它是否对从数据库中检索的记录使用某种特殊的实例化方法?
new_record?方法可以在ActiveRecord框架中的active_record / persistence.rb中找到,它看起来像这样:def new_record? @new_record end
然后,如果你在构造函数中查看active_record / core.rb,你会看到:
def initialize(attributes = nil, options = {})
@attributes = self.class.initialize_attributes(self.class.column_defaults.deep_dup)
@columns_hash = self.class.column_types.dup
init_internals # here
ensure_proper_type
populate_with_current_scope_attributes
assign_attributes(attributes, options) if attributes
yield self if block_given?
run_callbacks :initialize if _initialize_callbacks.any?
end
如果我们在代码中深入挖掘一下:
def init_internals
pk = self.class.primary_key
@attributes[pk] = nil unless @attributes.key?(pk)
@aggregation_cache = {}
@association_cache = {}
@attributes_cache = {}
@previously_changed = {}
@changed_attributes = {}
@readonly = false
@destroyed = false
@marked_for_destruction = false
@new_record = true # here
@mass_assignment_options = nil
end
如您所见,默认情况下@new_record初始化为true.
但是,有些情况下@new_record属性设置为true,就像克隆记录时一样:
user = User.first new_user = user.clone
这将调用initialize_dup方法,如下所示:
def initialize_dup(other) # :nodoc: # Code removed @new_record = true # Code removed super end
或者当ActiveRecord从数据库中提取记录时.我不确定这部分,但我认为这个方法被称为:
def init_with(coder)
@attributes = self.class.initialize_attributes(coder['attributes'])
@columns_hash = self.class.column_types.merge(coder['column_types'] || {})
init_internals
@new_record = false
run_callbacks :find
run_callbacks :initialize
self
end
可以这样做:
post = Post.allocate
post.init_with('attributes' => { 'title' => 'hello world' })
在第一个语句中,它在堆上分配内存空间而不像新的那样调用构造函数.然后它调用特殊构造函数init_with.
