利用cobbler 实现系统自动化安装及web管理

1 安装包和配置服务

root:~# yum install cobbler dhcp -y root:~# systemctl enable tftp dhcpd httpd cobblerd root:~# systemctl start tftp httpd cobblerd

2 修改cobbler 配置文件

vim /etc/cobbler/settings server: cobblerIP 384

next_server: cobblerIP 272

default_password_crypted: "$1$VBqc7U0W$F2qhI5oZwR8chJBU.mAly1" 101

manage_dhcp: 1 242 #可自动配置dhcp

root:~# cobbler get-loaders task started: 2019-04-19_074328_get_loaders task started (id=Download Bootloader Content, time=Fri Apr 19 07:43:28 2019) downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/README to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/README downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/COPYING.elilo to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/COPYING.elilo downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/COPYING.yaboot to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/COPYING.yaboot downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/COPYING.syslinux to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/COPYING.syslinux downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/elilo-3.8-ia64.efi to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/elilo-ia64.efi downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/yaboot-1.3.17 to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/yaboot downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/pxelinux.0-3.86 to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/pxelinux.0 downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/menu.c32-3.86 to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/menu.c32 downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/grub-0.97-x86.efi to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/grub-x86.efi downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/grub-0.97-x86_64.efi to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/grub-x86_64.efi *** TASK COMPLETE *** root:~# cobbler sync task started: 2019-04-19_074450_sync ********* !!! TASK FAILED !!!

3 配置dhcp服务

root:~# vim /etc/cobbler/dhcp.template subnet 192.168.64.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 { option routers 192.168.64.254; option domain-name-servers 1.1.1.1; option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0; range dynamic-bootp 192.168.64.100 192.168.64.254 root:~# cobbler sync task started: 2019-04-19_075613_sync task started (id=Sync, time=Fri Apr 19 07:56:13 2019) running pre-sync triggers .................................. running shell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/change/* *** TASK COMPLETE ***

4导入安装源文件

将光盘挂载好

root:~# dfFilesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on/dev/mapper/centos-root 52403200 2066756 50336444 4% /devtmpfs 919432 0 919432 0% /devtmpfs 931612 0 931612 0% /dev/shmtmpfs 931612 9744 921868 2% /runtmpfs 931612 0 931612 0% /sys/fs/cgroup/dev/sda1 1038336 149004 889332 15% /boot/dev/mapper/centos-home 154057220 33100 154024120 1% /hometmpfs 186324 0 186324 0% /run/user/0/dev/sr0 10491772 10491772 0 100% /mnt/7/dev/sr1 3897932 3897932 0 100% /mnt/6

root:~# cobbler import --path=/mnt/6 --name=Centos-6.10 --arch=x86_64 task started: 2019-04-19_080352_import task started (id=Media import, time=Fri Apr 19 08:03:52 2019) Found a candidate signature: breed=redhat, version=rhel6 Found a matching signature: breed=redhat, version=rhel6 Adding distros from path /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/Centos-6.10-x86_64: creating new distro: Centos-6.10-x86_64 trying symlink: /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/Centos-6.10-x86_64 -> /var/www/cobbler/links/Centos-6.10-x86_64 creating new profile: Centos-6.10-x86_64 associating repos checking for rsync repo(s) checking for rhn repo(s) checking for yum repo(s) starting descent into /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/Centos-6.10-x86_64 for Centos-6.10-x86_64 processing repo at : /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/Centos-6.10-x86_64 need to process repo/comps: /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/Centos-6.10-x86_64 looking for /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/Centos-6.10-x86_64/repodata/*comps*.xml Keeping repodata as-is :/var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/Centos-6.10-x86_64/repodata *** TASK COMPLETE ***

查看现有安装选项

root:~# cobbler profile list Centos-6.10-x86_64 [root@localhost ~]# cobbler distro list #安装原文件名称 [root@localhost ~]# cat /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default DEFAULT menu PROMPT 0 MENU TITLE Cobbler | http://cobbler.github.io/ TIMEOUT 200 TOTALTIMEOUT 6000 ONTIMEOUT local LABEL local MENU LABEL (local) MENU DEFAULT LOCALBOOT -1 LABEL Centos-6.10-x86_64 kernel /images/Centos-6.10-x86_64/vmlinuz MENU LABEL Centos-6.10-x86_64 append initrd=/images/Centos-6.10-x86_64/initrd.img ksdevice=bootif lang= kssendmac text ks=http://192.168.64.131/cblr/svc/op/ks/profile/Centos-6.10-x86_64 ipappend 2 MENU end cobbler profile remove --name=NAME cobbler distro remove --name=NAME

现在已经可以自动化安装了，不过cobbler默认配置文件为最小化安装，想要自定义的花要修改配置文件

Centos 7.0下使用system-config-kickstart

修改CentOS-Base.repo [base] 修改 ---------->[development] name=CentOS-$releasever - Base root:~# yum install -y system-config-kickstart.noarch root:~ # env LANG=zh_CN.UTF-8 system-config-kickstart #生成自定义配置文件

将ks文件和系统关联，生成启动菜单

cobbler profile add --name=Centos6_mini --distro=Centos-6.10-x86_64 --kickstart=/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/ks6mini.cfg

将所有选项选完即可左上角保存

centos6ks文件

#platform=x86, AMD64, or Intel EM64T #version=DEVEL # Firewall configuration firewall --disabled # Install OS instead of upgrade install # Use CDROM installation media url --url=$tree # Root password rootpw --iscrypted $1$RR1QsW0t$qYYwsKO5LloO6y3WaTkdj0 # System authorization information auth --useshadow --passalgo=sha512 # Use text mode install text # System keyboard keyboard us # System language lang en_US # SELinux configuration selinux --disabled # Do not configure the X Window System skipx # Installation logging level logging --level=info # Reboot after installation reboot # System timezone timezone Asia/Shanghai # Network information network --bootproto=dhcp --device=eth0 --onboot=on # System bootloader configuration bootloader --location=mbr --md5pass="$1$EmYezDTP$mBxhDFd/BRDIn6ZBAOtL00" # Clear the Master Boot Record zerombr # Partition clearing information clearpart --all --initlabel # Disk partitioning information part /boot --fstype="ext4" --size=1024 part / --fstype="ext4" --grow --size=1 %post mkdir /root/.ssh chmod 700 /root/.ssh cat > /root/.ssh/authorized_keys <<EOF ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAABIwAAAQEAtSEz3OSOAI6UMkRjIVk3cXwVf/tYa9YsBOVd4vamGtrAuPN5+zgOj9T9p+QI0nJHva6LR4Wz5es46zXoSrLoKY4rTpqnmuPNYuG3B/cybOv99+hriq7Vs9/OqMIgsLbtk4R99Rg75wL9jXpcyxgKtCyVYG4sjdlfyQXQXuauzai6u9oqKo7MmDyWiC9QJSqfilrQKhUB+OfVo4/vkYxKLsRy8N6k2BoRTk2VIp7XKB4gr3sutgutXk35A3O08ukGBSA+378G2csDmf9nctGv4kSw/gR6Mdy2LnhcxcnPA5IP39Buvkdp2eqXOnY1zWxTiUdLtfAb81rFpwMudtaK1w== rsa 2048-041619 EOF chmod 600 /root/.ssh/authorized_keys systemctl stop firewalld systemctl disable firewalld.service systemctl stop NetworkManager systemctl disable NetworkManager %end %packages @base @debugging @network-tools %end

centos7ks文件

#platform=x86, AMD64, or Intel EM64T #version=DEVEL # Install OS instead of upgrade install # Keyboard layouts keyboard 'us' # Root password rootpw --iscrypted $1$F4q00dyi$IQ1/CLubGYHtDw6EvSiln0 # System language lang en_US # System authorization information auth --useshadow --passalgo=sha512 # Use CDROM installation media url --url=$tree # Use graphical install text # SELinux configuration selinux --disabled # Do not configure the X Window System skipx # Firewall configuration firewall --disabled # Network information network --bootproto=dhcp --device=ens33 # Halt after installation halt # System timezone timezone Asia/Shanghai # System bootloader configuration bootloader --append=" crashkernel=auto" --location=mbr --boot-drive=sda # Partition clearing information clearpart --all --initlabel reboot # Disk partitioning information part /boot --fstype="xfs" --size=1024 part / --fstype="xfs" --grow --size=1 %post mkdir /root/.ssh chmod 700 /root/.ssh cat > /root/.ssh/authorized_keys <<EOF ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAABIwAAAQEAtSEz3OSOAI6UMkRjIVk3cXwVf/tYa9YsBOVd4vamGtrAuPN5+zgOj9T9p+QI0nJHva6LR4Wz5es46zXoSrLoKY4rTpqnmuPNYuG3B/cybOv99+hriq7Vs9/OqMIgsLbtk4R99Rg75wL9jXpcyxgKtCyVYG4sjdlfyQXQXuauzai6u9oqKo7MmDyWiC9QJSqfilrQKhUB+OfVo4/vkYxKLsRy8N6k2BoRTk2VIp7XKB4gr3sutgutXk35A3O08ukGBSA+378G2csDmf9nctGv4kSw/gR6Mdy2LnhcxcnPA5IP39Buvkdp2eqXOnY1zWxTiUdLtfAb81rFpwMudtaK1w== rsa 2048-041619 EOF chmod 600 /root/.ssh/authorized_keys systemctl stop firewalld systemctl disable firewalld.service systemctl stop NetworkManager systemctl disable NetworkManager sed -i 's/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/' /etc/selinux/config mkdir /etc/yum.repo.d/bak mv /etc/yum.repos.d/*.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/bak/ cat > /etc/yum.repos.d/Centos-Base.repo <<EOF [development] name=CentOS-$releasever - Base - mirrors.aliyun.com failovermethod=priority baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/ http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/ http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/ gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7 #released updates [updates] name=CentOS-$releasever - Updates - mirrors.aliyun.com failovermethod=priority baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/ http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/ http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/ gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7 #additional packages that may be useful [extras] name=CentOS-$releasever - Extras - mirrors.aliyun.com failovermethod=priority baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/ http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/ http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/ gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7 #additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages [centosplus] name=CentOS-$releasever - Plus - mirrors.aliyun.com failovermethod=priority baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/ http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/ http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/ gpgcheck=1 enabled=0 gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7 #contrib - packages by Centos Users [contrib] name=CentOS-$releasever - Contrib - mirrors.aliyun.com failovermethod=priority baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/contrib/$basearch/ http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/contrib/$basearch/ http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/contrib/$basearch/ gpgcheck=1 enabled=0 gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7 EOF cat > /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo << EOF [epel] name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - $basearch baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/7/$basearch failovermethod=priority enabled=1 gpgcheck=0 gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7 [epel-debuginfo] name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - $basearch - Debug baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/7/$basearch/debug failovermethod=priority enabled=0 gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7 gpgcheck=0 [epel-source] name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - $basearch - Source baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/7/SRPMS failovermethod=priority enabled=0 gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7 gpgcheck=0 EOF %end %packages @base @network-tools %end

web管理

阿里云太新会出错，用搜狐

vi /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo [epel] name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - $basearch baseurl=http://mirrors.sohu.com/fedora-epel/7/x86_64/ enabled=1 gpgcheck=0 [root@localhost ~]# yum clean all [root@localhost network-scripts]# yum install cobbler-web [root@localhost network-scripts]# service httpd restart [root@localhost network-scripts]# htdigest /etc/cobbler/users.digest Cobbler cobbleradmin(添加新管理用户)