通过案例了解puppet创建虚拟资源解决资源冲突问题

通过案例了解puppet创建虚拟资源解决资源冲突问题

虚拟资源是一种用来管理多种配置共同依赖同一资源的方法。如果多个类依赖同一个资源时则可避免写多个资源，也可以解决资源重定义的错误。 虚拟资源经常用于用户管理中，虚拟资源只会被声明一次，但可以运用一次或多次。

要使用虚拟资源是需要在资源声明开头加上字符“@”来使资源虚拟化。然后再使用下面两种方法之一来实例化虚拟资源：

• "飞船"语法<||>

• realize函数

更多详情可访问 www.kisspuppet.com  www.rsyslog.org

1. 定义两个用户，puppet和root，并将其虚拟化

注意定义虚拟资源必须在全局作用域或者节点作用域中定义，简单的理解，以下目录中site.pp就是全局作用域，包含（site.pp中import了nodes目录），其他模块中的都属于局部作用域。

1.1 在全局作用域中创建对应的pp文件

[root@linuxmaster1poc testing]# tree manifests/ manifests/ ├── nodes │ ├── puppetclient.pp │ ├── virtual_group.pp │ └── virtual_user.pp └── site.pp 1 directory, 4 files

1.2 创建虚拟用户puppet、root、xiaonuo

[root@linuxmaster1poc testing]# vim manifests/nodes/virtual_user.pp class alluser{ include alluser::puppet,alluser::root } class alluser::puppet{ @user { 'puppet': ensure => present, uid => '52', gid => '52', home => '/var/lib/puppet', shell => '/sbin/nologin', } } class alluser::root{ @user { 'root': ensure => present, uid => '0', gid => '0', home => '/root', shell => '/bin/bash', } } class alluser::xiaonuo{ @user { 'xiaonuo': ensure => present, uid => '600', gid => '600', home => '/home/xiaonuo', shell => '/sbin/nologin', } }

1.3 创建虚拟组puppet、root和xiaonuo

[root@linuxmaster1poc testing]# vim manifests/nodes/virtual_group.pp class allgroup{ include allgroup::puppet,allgroup::root } class allgroup::puppet{ @group { 'puppet': ensure => present, name => 'puppet', gid => '52', allowdupe => false, members => 'puppet', } } class allgroup::root{ @group { 'root': ensure => present, name => 'root', gid => '0', allowdupe => false, members => 'root', } } class allgroup::xiaonuo{ @group { 'xiaonuo': ensure => present, name => 'xiaonuo', gid => '600', allowdupe => false, members => 'xiaonuo', } }2. 编写puppet模块，将虚拟资源用户puppet和组puppet实化

2.1 编写pupppet模块

[root@linuxmaster1poc testing]# tree environment/modules/puppet environment/modules/puppet ├── files ├── manifests │ ├── config.pp │ ├── init.pp │ ├── install.pp │ ├── params.pp │ └── service.pp ├── README └── templates ├── auth.conf.erb ├── namespaceauth.conf.erb └── puppet.conf.erb 3 directories, 9 files

2.2 编写puppet_linux57poc模块

[root@linuxmaster1poc testing]# tree agents/modules/puppet_linux57poc/ agents/modules/puppet_linux57poc/ ├── files ├── manifests │ └── init.pp └── templates ├── facts.txt.erb └── motd.erb 3 directories, 3 files

2.3 实例化虚拟资源

2.3.1 在puppet模块中实例化

[root@linuxmaster1poc testing]# vim environment/modules/puppet/manifests/config.pp class puppet::config{ include puppet::params include puppet::puppet_config,puppet::namespaceauth_config,puppet::auth_config,puppet::user,puppet::group include alluser,allgroup #必须将节点作用域中的类包含进来 } class puppet::puppet_config{ file { '/etc/puppet/puppet.conf': ensure => present, content => template('puppet/puppet.conf.erb'), owner => 'puppet', group => 'puppet', mode => '0644', backup => main, require => Class['puppet::install','puppet::user','puppet::group'], notify => Class['puppet::service'], } } class puppet::auth_config{ file { '/etc/puppet/auth.conf': ensure => present, content => template('puppet/auth.conf.erb'), owner => 'puppet', group => 'puppet', mode => '0644', backup => main, require => Class['puppet::install','puppet::user','puppet::group'], notify => Class['puppet::service'], } } class puppet::namespaceauth_config{ file { '/etc/puppet/namespaceauth.conf': ensure => present, content => template('puppet/namespaceauth.conf.erb'), owner => 'puppet', group => 'puppet', mode => '0644', backup => main, require => Class['puppet::install','puppet::user','puppet::group'], notify => Class['puppet::service'], } } class puppet::user{ #使用飞船语法实化用户puppet资源 # realize User['puppet'] User <| title == 'puppet' |> } class puppet::group{ #使用realize函数实化组puppet资源 realize Group['puppet'] # Group <| title == 'puppet' |> }

2.3.2 在puppet_linux57poc模块中实例化

[root@linuxmaster1poc testing]# cat agents/modules/puppet_linux57poc/manifests/init.pp class puppet_linux57poc{ include puppet_linux57poc::motd_install,puppet_linux57poc::motd_config,puppet_linux57poc::facts,puppet_linux57poc::user,puppet_linux57poc::group include alluser,allgroup #必须将节点作用域中的类包含进来 } class puppet_linux57poc::motd_install{ package{ setup: ensure => present, } } class puppet_linux57poc::motd_config{ file{ "/etc/motd": owner => "xiaonuo", group => "root", mode => 0440, content => template("puppet_linux57poc/motd.erb"), backup => 'main', require => Class['puppet_linux57poc::motd_install','puppet_linux57poc::user','puppet_linux57poc::group'] } } class puppet_linux57poc::facts{ file{ "/etc/mcollective/facts.txt": owner => "root", group => "root", mode => 0400, content => template("puppet_linux57poc/facts.txt.erb"), backup => 'main', require => Class['puppet_linux57poc::motd_install','puppet_linux57poc::user','puppet_linux57poc::group'] } } class puppet_linux57poc::user{ #使用realize函数实化用户xiaonuo和root资源 realize( User['xiaonuo'], User['root'] ) } class puppet_linux57poc::group{ #使用realize函数实化组xiaonuo和root资源 realize( Group['xiaonuo'], Group['root'] ) }3. 测试

3.1 测试puppet模块（略）

3.2 测试puppet_linux57poc模块

3.2.1 查看当前系统是否有xiaonuo用户和组

[root@linux57poc puppet]# id xiaonuo id: xiaonuo: No such user [root@linux57poc puppet]# cat /etc/group | grep xiaonuo [root@linux57poc puppet]# [root@linux57poc puppet]# ll /etc/motd -rwxrwxrwx 1 puppet puppet 313 Jan 2 06:17 /etc/motd

3.2.2 同步puppetmaster

[root@linux57poc puppet]# puppet agent -t --environment=testing info: Retrieving plugin info: Loading facts in /var/lib/puppet/lib/facter/fact_apply.rb info: Caching catalog for puppet_linux57poc.dev.shanghaigm.com info: Applying configuration version '1389555288' notice: /Stage[main]/Allservice::Lm_sensors_service/Service[lm_sensors]/ensure: ensure changed 'running' to 'stopped' notice: /Group[xiaonuo]/ensure: created notice: /Stage[main]/Alluser::Xiaonuo/User[xiaonuo]/ensure: created ... info: FileBucket adding {md5}b2090646c444c5ddf1533749743ebd71 info: /Stage[main]/Mcollective::Facter/File[/etc/mcollective/facts.yaml]: Filebucketed /etc/mcollective/facts.yaml to main with sum b2090646c444c5ddf1533749743ebd71 notice: /Stage[main]/Sysctl::Exec/Exec[sysctl -p >/dev/null &]/returns: executed successfully notice: /Stage[main]/Puppet_linux57poc::Motd_config/File[/etc/motd]/owner: owner changed 'puppet' to 'xiaonuo' notice: /Stage[main]/Puppet_linux57poc::Motd_config/File[/etc/motd]/group: group changed 'puppet' to 'root' notice: /Stage[main]/Puppet_linux57poc::Motd_config/File[/etc/motd]/mode: mode changed '0777' to '0440' notice: /Stage[main]/Allservice::Bluetooth_service/Service[bluetooth]/ensure: ensure changed 'running' to 'stopped' notice: Finished catalog run in 4.54 seconds

3.2.3 验证结果是否正确

[root@linux57poc puppet]# id xiaonuo uid=600(xiaonuo) gid=600(xiaonuo) groups=600(xiaonuo) [root@linux57poc puppet]# cat /etc/group | grep xiaonuo xiaonuo:x:600: [root@linux57poc puppet]# ll /etc/motd -r--r----- 1 xiaonuo root 313 Jan 2 06:17 /etc/motd [root@linux57poc puppet]#