目录
- 一、Spring缓存支持
- 1、@Cacheable
- 2、@CacheEvict
- 3、@CachePut
- 4、Caching
- 5、CacheConfig
- 二、Spring Boot缓存支持
一、Spring缓存支持
Spring框架定义了org.springframework.cache CacheManager和org.springframework.cache.Cache接口来统一不同的缓存技术
CacheManager常用方法如下
1、@Cacheable
该注解可以标记在一个方法上,也可以标记在一个类上,当标记在一个方法上时表示该方法是支持缓存的,当标记在一个类上时则表示该类所有的方法都是支持缓存的。对于一个支持缓存的方法,在方法执行前,Spring先检查缓存中是否存在方法返回的数据,如果存在则直接返回缓存数据,如果不存在,则调用方法并将方法返回值存入缓存
2、@CacheEvict
该注解用来标注在需要清楚缓存元素的方法或类上,当标记在一个类上时,表示其中所有方法的执行都会触发缓存的清除操作
3、@CachePut
该注解也可以声明一个方法支持缓存功能
4、Caching
该注解可以在一个方法或类上同时指定多个Spring Cache相关的注解
5、CacheConfig
该注解作用在类上可以设置当前缓存的一些公共设置
二、Spring Boot缓存支持
1:创建基于spring-voot-starter-cache 和spring-boot-starter-data-jpa依赖的Spring BootWeb应用
2:配置application.properties文件 代码如下
server.servlet.context-path=/ch6_10
###
##数据源信息配置
###
#数据库地址
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/springbootjpa?characterEncoding=utf8
#数据库用户名
spring.datasource.username=root
#数据库密码
spring.datasource.password=root
#数据库驱动
spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
####
#JPA持久化配置
####
#指定数据库类型
spring.jpa.database=MYSQL
#指定是否在日志中显示SQL语句
spring.jpa.show-sql=true
#指定自动创建、更新数据库表等配置,update表示如果数据库中存在持久化类对应的表就不创建,不存在就创建对应的表
spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto=update
#让控制器输出的JSON字符串格式更美观
spring.jackson.serialization.indent-output=true
3:修改pom.xml文件 添加mysql依赖
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> -<project xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> -<parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>2.1.8.RELEASE</version> <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository --> </parent> <groupId>com.ch</groupId> <artifactId>ch6_10</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <name>ch6_10</name> <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description> -<properties> <java.version>11</java.version> </properties> -<dependencies> -<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-cache</artifactId> </dependency> -<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId> </dependency> -<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <!-- 添加MySQL依赖 --> -<dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>5.1.45</version> <!-- MySQL8.x时,请使用8.x的连接器 --> </dependency> -<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> -<build> -<plugins> -<plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project>
4:创建持久化实体类
代码如下
package com.ch.ch6_10.entity; import java.io.Serializable; import javax.persistence.Entity; import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue; import javax.persistence.GenerationType; import javax.persistence.Id; import javax.persistence.Table; import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonIgnoreProperties; @Entity @Table(name = "student_table") @JsonIgnoreProperties(value = {"hibernateLazyInitializer"}) public class Student implements Serializable{ private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; @Id @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY) private int id;//主键 private String sno; private String sname; private String ssex; public Student() { super(); } public Student(int id, String sno, String sname, String ssex) { super(); this.id = id; this.sno = sno; this.sname = sname; this.ssex = ssex; } public int getId() { return id; } public void setId(int id) { this.id = id; } public String getSno() { return sno; } public void setSno(String sno) { this.sno = sno; } public String getSname() { return sname; } public void setSname(String sname) { this.sname = sname; } public String getSsex() { return ssex; } public void setSsex(String ssex) { this.ssex = ssex; } }
5:创建数据访问接口
package com.ch.ch6_10.repository; import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository; import com.ch.ch6_10.entity.Student; public interface StudentRepository extends JpaRepository<Student, Integer>{ }
6:创建业务层 包括一个接口和一个实现类
接口代码如下
package com.ch.ch6_10.service; import com.ch.ch6_10.entity.Student; public interface StudentService { public Student saveStudent(Student student); public void deleteCache(Student student); public Student selectOneStudent(Integer id); }
实现类代码如下
package com.ch.ch6_10.service; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.cache.annotation.CacheEvict; import org.springframework.cache.annotation.CachePut; import org.springframework.cache.annotation.Cacheable; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; import com.ch.ch6_10.entity.Student; import com.ch.ch6_10.repository.StudentRepository; @Service public class StudentServiceImpl implements StudentService{ @Autowired private StudentRepository studentRepository; @Override @CachePut(value = "student", key="#student.id") public Student saveStudent(Student student) { Student s = studentRepository.save(student); System.out.println("为key=" + student.getId() + "数据做了缓存"); return s; } @Override @CacheEvict(value = "student", key="#student.id") public void deleteCache(Student student) { System.out.println("删除了key=" + student.getId() + "的数据缓存"); } @Override @Cacheable(value = "student") public Student selectOneStudent(Integer id) { Student s = studentRepository.getOne(id); System.out.println("为key=" + id + "数据做了缓存"); return s; } }
7:创建控制器层
package com.ch.ch6_10.controller; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; import com.ch.ch6_10.entity.Student; import com.ch.ch6_10.service.StudentService; @RestController public class TestCacheController { @Autowired private StudentService studentService; @RequestMapping("/savePut") public Student save(Student student) { return studentService.saveStudent(student); } @RequestMapping("/selectAble") public Student select(Integer id) { return studentService.selectOneStudent(id); } @RequestMapping("/deleteEvict") public String deleteCache(Student student) { studentService.deleteCache(student); return "ok"; } }
8:在主类中开启缓存支持
package com.ch.ch6_10; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import org.springframework.cache.annotation.EnableCaching; @EnableCaching @SpringBootApplication public class Ch610Application { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(Ch610Application.class, args); } }
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