基于雪花算法实现增强版ID生成器详解

目录

• 基于雪花算法的增强版ID生成器
• 快速开始
• 配置解析
• 目前提供两个配置类
• 详情
• 生产推荐使用方式
• JMH 性能测试
• 测试机硬件情况
• Sequence 配置参数
• JMH参数
• 测试结果
• Tip

基于雪花算法的增强版ID生成器

• 解决了时间回拨的问题
• 无需手动指定workId, 微服务环境自适应
• 可配置化

快速开始

1.依赖引入

<dependency>
    <groupId>io.github.mocreates</groupId>
    <artifactId>uid-generator</artifactId>
    <version>2.0-RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

2.配置序列器 Sequence

    @Bean
    public Sequence sequence() {
        SequenceConfig sequenceConfig = new SimpleSequenceConfig();
        return new Sequence(sequenceConfig);
    }

3.使用序列器生成ID

    @Autowired
    private Sequence sequence;
    
    public long generateId() {
        return sequence.nextId();
    }

配置解析

目前提供两个配置类

• io.github.mocreates.config.DefaultSequenceConfig
• io.github.mocreates.config.SimpleSequenceConfig

前者需要显式地指定 workerId、datacenterId，可以结合数据库来使用，后者是利用网卡信息进行自适应

详情

字段名释义默认值twepoch可以被设置为最接近项目启用前的某个时间点（unix 时间戳)1665817757000LworkerIdBits机器位所占的bit位数19LdatacenterIdBits数据标识位所占的bit位数0LsequenceBits毫秒内自增位数3LworkerId机器位 datacenterId数据位0LinetAddress网络相关信息 

生产推荐使用方式

1.依赖引入

<dependency>
    <groupId>io.github.mocreates</groupId>
    <artifactId>uid-generator</artifactId>
    <version>2.0-RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

2.创建表

CREATE TABLE `worker_node` (
  `id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `node_info` varchar(512) NOT NULL,
  `gmt_create` datetime NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
  `gmt_modify` datetime NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COMMENT='DB WorkerID Assigner for UID Generator';

3.配置 (利用主键自增来分配workerId, 解决分布式环境下手动指定workerId的痛点)

    @Bean
    public Sequence sequence(WorkerNodeMapper workerNodeMapper) throws UnknownHostException {
        WorkerNode workerNode = new WorkerNode();
        InetAddress localHost = InetAddress.getLocalHost();
        workerNode.setNodeInfo(localHost.toString());
        workerNodeMapper.insertSelective(workerNode);
        DefaultSequenceConfig defaultSequenceConfig = new DefaultSequenceConfig();
        defaultSequenceConfig.setWorkerId(workerNode.getId());
        return new Sequence(defaultSequenceConfig);
    }

4.使用序列器生成ID

    @Autowired
    private Sequence sequence;
    
    public long generateId() {
        return sequence.nextId();
    }

JMH 性能测试

测试机硬件情况

MacBook Pro (13-inch, M1, 2020) 8C 16G

Sequence 配置参数

    private static final DefaultSequenceConfig SEQUENCE_CONFIG = new DefaultSequenceConfig();

    static {
        SEQUENCE_CONFIG.setSequenceBits(22);
        SEQUENCE_CONFIG.setWorkerIdBits(0);
        SEQUENCE_CONFIG.setDatacenterIdBits(0);
        SEQUENCE_CONFIG.setTwepoch(System.currentTimeMillis());

        SEQUENCE_CONFIG.setWorkerId(0L);
        SEQUENCE_CONFIG.setDatacenterId(0L);
    }
    private static final Sequence SEQUENCE = new Sequence(SEQUENCE_CONFIG);

JMH参数

@BenchmarkMode(Mode.Throughput)
@Threads(10)
@Warmup(iterations = 3, time = 10, timeUnit = TimeUnit.SECONDS)
@Measurement(iterations = 10, time = 10, timeUnit = TimeUnit.SECONDS)
@State(value = Scope.Benchmark)
@Fork(1)
@OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.SECONDS)

测试结果

BenchmarkModeCntScoreErrorUnitsSingleNodeSequenceTest.nextIdTestthrpt1027825573.565 ± 962298.054 ops/s

Tip

如果对qps性能要求较高，可以适当调整sequenceBits

仓库地址

https://github.com/mocreates/sequence

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