这篇文字给大家分享了IOS面试中熟悉常见的算法,下面来一起看看吧。
1、 对以下一组数据进行降序排序(冒泡排序)。“24,17,85,13,9,54,76,45,5,63”
int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
  int array[10] = {24, 17, 85, 13, 9, 54, 76, 45, 5, 63};
  int num = sizeof(array)/sizeof(int);
  for(int i = 0; i < num-1; i++) {
    for(int j = 0; j < num - 1 - i; j++) {
      if(array[j] < array[j+1]) {
        int tmp = array[j];
        array[j] = array[j+1];
        array[j+1] = tmp;
      }
    }
  }
  for(int i = 0; i < num; i++) {
    printf("%d", array[i]);
    if(i == num-1) {
      printf("\n");
    }
    else {
      printf(" ");
    }
  }
}
2、 对以下一组数据进行升序排序(选择排序)。“86, 37, 56, 29, 92, 73, 15, 63, 30, 8”
void sort(int a[],int n)
{
  int i, j, index;
  for(i = 0; i < n - 1; i++) {
    index = i;
    for(j = i + 1; j < n; j++) {
      if(a[index] > a[j]) {
        index = j;
      }
    }
    if(index != i) {
      int temp = a[i];
      a[i] = a[index];
      a[index] = temp;
    }
  }
}
int main(int argc, const char * argv[]) {
  int numArr[10] = {86, 37, 56, 29, 92, 73, 15, 63, 30, 8};
  sort(numArr, 10);
  for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
    printf("%d, ", numArr[i]);
  }
  printf("\n");
  return 0;
}
3、 快速排序算法
void sort(int *a, int left, int right) {
if(left >= right) {
return ;
}
int i = left;
int j = right;
int key = a[left];
while (i < j) {
while (i < j && key >= a[j]) {
j--;
}
a[i] = a[j];
while (i < j && key <= a[i]) {
  i++;
}
a[j] = a[i];
}
a[i] = key;
sort(a, left, i-1);
sort(a, i+1, right);
}
4、 归并排序
void merge(int sourceArr[], int tempArr[], int startIndex, int midIndex, int endIndex) {
  int i = startIndex;
  int j = midIndex + 1;
  int k = startIndex;
  while (i != midIndex + 1 && j != endIndex + 1) {
    if (sourceArr[i] >= sourceArr[j]) {
      tempArr[k++] = sourceArr[j++];
    } else {
      tempArr[k++] = sourceArr[i++];
    }
  }
  while (i != midIndex + 1) {
    tempArr[k++] = sourceArr[i++];
  }
  while (j != endIndex + 1) {
    tempArr[k++] = sourceArr[j++];
  }
  for (i = startIndex; i <= endIndex; i++) {
    sourceArr[i] = tempArr[i];
  }
}
void sort(int souceArr[], int tempArr[], int startIndex, int endIndex) {
  int midIndex;
  if (startIndex < endIndex) {
    midIndex = (startIndex + endIndex) / 2;
    sort(souceArr, tempArr, startIndex, midIndex);
    sort(souceArr, tempArr, midIndex + 1, endIndex);
    merge(souceArr, tempArr, startIndex, midIndex, endIndex);
  }
}
int main(int argc, const char * argv[]) {
  int numArr[10] = {86, 37, 56, 29, 92, 73, 15, 63, 30, 8};
  int tempArr[10];
  sort(numArr, tempArr, 0, 9);
  for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
    printf("%d, ", numArr[i]);
  }
  printf("\n");
  return 0;
}
5、 实现二分查找算法(编程语言不限)
int bsearchWithoutRecursion(int array[],int low,int high,int target) {
while(low <= high) {
int mid = (low + high) / 2;
if(array[mid] > target)
high = mid - 1;
else if(array[mid] < target)
low = mid + 1;
else  //findthetarget
return mid;
}
//the array does not contain the target
return -1;
}
----------------------------------------
递归实现
int binary_search(const int arr[],int low,int high,int key)
{
int mid=low + (high - low) / 2;
if(low > high)
return -1;
else{
if(arr[mid] == key)
return mid;
else if(arr[mid] > key)
return binary_search(arr, low, mid-1, key);
else
return binary_search(arr, mid+1, high, key);
}
}
6、 如何实现链表翻转(链表逆序)? 
思路:每次把第二个元素提到最前面来。
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
typedef struct NODE {
  struct NODE *next;
  int num;
}node;
node *createLinkList(int length) {
  if (length <= 0) {
    return NULL;
  }
  node *head,*p,*q;
  int number = 1;
  head = (node *)malloc(sizeof(node));
  head->num = 1;
  head->next = head;
  p = q = head;
  while (++number <= length) {
    p = (node *)malloc(sizeof(node));
    p->num = number;
    p->next = NULL;
    q->next = p;
    q = p;
  }
  return head;
}
void printLinkList(node *head) {
  if (head == NULL) {
    return;
  }
  node *p = head;
  while (p) {
    printf("%d ", p->num);
    p = p -> next;
  }
  printf("\n");
}
node *reverseFunc1(node *head) {
  if (head == NULL) {
    return head;
  }
  node *p,*q;
  p = head;
  q = NULL;
  while (p) {
    node *pNext = p -> next;
    p -> next = q;
    q = p;
    p = pNext;
  }
  return q;
}
int main(int argc, const char * argv[]) {
  node *head = createLinkList(7);
  if (head) {
    printLinkList(head);
    node *reHead = reverseFunc1(head);
    printLinkList(reHead);
    free(reHead);
  }
  free(head);
  return 0;
}
7、 实现一个字符串“how are you”的逆序输出(编程语言不限)。如给定字符串为“hello world”,输出结果应当为“world hello”。
int spliterFunc(char *p) {
  char c[100][100];
  int i = 0;
  int j = 0;
  while (*p != '\0') {
    if (*p == ' ') {
      i++;
      j = 0;
    } else {
      c[i][j] = *p;
      j++;
    }
    p++;
  }
  for (int k = i; k >= 0; k--) {
    printf("%s", c[k]);
    if (k > 0) {
      printf(" ");
    } else {
      printf("\n");
    }
  }
  return 0;
}
8、 给定一个字符串,输出本字符串中只出现一次并且最靠前的那个字符的位置?如“abaccddeeef”,字符是b,输出应该是2。
char *strOutPut(char *);
int compareDifferentChar(char, char *);
int main(int argc, const char * argv[]) {
  char *inputStr = "abaccddeeef";
  char *outputStr = strOutPut(inputStr);
  printf("%c \n", *outputStr);
  return 0;
}
char *strOutPut(char *s) {
  char str[100];
  char *p = s;
  int index = 0;
  while (*s != '\0') {
    if (compareDifferentChar(*s, p) == 1) {
      str[index] = *s;
      index++;
    }
    s++;
  }
  return &str;
}
int compareDifferentChar(char c, char *s) {
  int i = 0;
  while (*s != '\0' && i<= 1) {
    if (*s == c) {
      i++;
    }
    s++;
  }
  if (i == 1) {
    return 1;
  } else {
    return 0;
  }
}
9、 二叉树的先序遍历为FBACDEGH,中序遍历为:ABDCEFGH,请写出这个二叉树的后序遍历结果。
ADECBHGF
先序+中序遍历还原二叉树:先序遍历是:ABDEGCFH 中序遍历是:DBGEACHF
首先从先序得到第一个为A,就是二叉树的根,回到中序,可以将其分为三部分:
左子树的中序序列DBGE,根A,右子树的中序序列CHF
接着将左子树的序列回到先序可以得到B为根,这样回到左子树的中序再次将左子树分割为三部分:
左子树的左子树D,左子树的根B,左子树的右子树GE
同样地,可以得到右子树的根为C
类似地将右子树分割为根C,右子树的右子树HF,注意其左子树为空
如果只有一个就是叶子不用再进行了,刚才的GE和HF再次这样运作,就可以将二叉树还原了。
10、 打印2-100之间的素数。
int main(int argc, const char * argv[]) {
  for (int i = 2; i < 100; i++) {
    int r = isPrime(i);
    if (r == 1) {
      printf("%ld ", i);
    }
  }
  return 0;
}
int isPrime(int n)
{
  int i, s;
  for(i = 2; i <= sqrt(n); i++)
    if(n % i == 0) return 0;
  return 1;
}
11、 求两个整数的最大公约数。
int gcd(int a, int b) {
  int temp = 0;
  if (a < b) {
    temp = a;
    a = b;
    b = temp;
  }
  while (b != 0) {
    temp = a % b;
    a = b;
    b = temp;
  }
  return a;
}
总结
以上就是为大家整理的在IOS面试中可能会遇到的常见算法问题和答案,希望这篇文章对大家的面试能有一定的帮助,如果有疑问大家可以留言交流。
