二进制安装Prometheus

二进制安装Prometheus

服务器列表：

服务器名称 操作系统 IP地址 服务 test03 Ubuntu 16.04.4 192.168.1.58 Prometheus, Alertmanager,grafana test02 Ubuntu 16.04.4 192.168.1.57 Node_exporter

1、安装prometheus

• Prometheus官网下载地址：https://prometheus.io/download/
  

• 下载prometheus

  [email protected]:~# wget https://github.com/prometheus/prometheus/releases/download/v2.11.0/prometheus-2.11.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz

• 解压prometheus
  [email protected]:~# tar xf prometheus-2.11.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz

• 移动到/usr/local/prometheus目录
  [email protected]:~# mv prometheus-2.11.0.linux-amd64 /usr/local/prometheus

• 设置prometheus后台服务启动

[email protected]:~# cat  /lib/systemd/system/prometheus.service 
[Unit]
Description=https://prometheus.io

[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/local/prometheus/prometheus --config.file="/usr/local/prometheus/prometheus.yml"

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

• 创建prometheus服务

  [email protected]:~# systemctl enable prometheus.service
  Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/prometheus.service to /lib/systemd/system/prometheus.service.

• 启动prometheus服务
  [email protected]:~# systemctl start prometheus.service

• 查看promethues服务状态

  [email protected]:~# systemctl status prometheus.service 
  ● prometheus.service - https://prometheus.io
  Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/prometheus.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
  Active: active (running) since Wed 2019-07-10 11:10:45 CST; 4s ago
  Main PID: 818 (prometheus)
  ......

• 访问：http://192.168.1.58:9090
  

2、安装Grafana

• docker 安装

  [email protected]:~# docker run -d -p 3000:3000 grafana/grafana
  [email protected]:~# docker ps
  CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                    NAMES
  a6ff7bd88b42        grafana/grafana     "/run.sh"           43 seconds ago      Up 41 seconds       0.0.0.0:3000->3000/tcp   peaceful_brattain

• 访问：http://192.168.1.58:3000
  登录gafana界面：
  默认账号是：admin
  默认密码是：admin
  第一次登录后，提示重新设置密码
  

• 添加数据源
  

• 输入Prometheus地址
  

3、监控Linux服务器

• 安装node_exporter并启动

[email protected]:~# wget https://github.com/prometheus/node_exporter/releases/download/v0.18.1/node_exporter-0.18.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz
[email protected]:~# tar xf node_exporter-0.18.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz
[email protected]:~# mv node_exporter-0.18.1.linux-amd64 /usr/local/node_exporter
[email protected]:~# cd /usr/local/node_exporter
[email protected]:/usr/local/node_exporter# cat /lib/systemd/system/node_exporter.service
[Unit]
Description=https://prometheus.io/docs/guides/node-exporter/

[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/local/node_exporter/node_exporter

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

[email protected]:/usr/local/node_exporter# systemctl enable node_exporter.service
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/node_exporter.service to /lib/systemd/system/node_exporter.service.
[email protected]:/usr/local/node_exporter# systemctl start node_exporter.service 
[email protected]:/usr/local/node_exporter# systemctl status node_exporter.service 
● node_exporter.service - https://prometheus.io/docs/guides/node-exporter/
   Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/node_exporter.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
   Active: active (running) since Wed 2019-07-10 14:23:35 CST; 5s ago
 Main PID: 774 (node_exporter)
   CGroup: /system.slice/node_exporter.service
           └─774 /usr/local/node_exporter/node_exporter

• 访问：http://192.168.1.57:9100/metrics，可查看node_exporter收集的数据
  

• 配置服务发现

cat /usr/local/prometheus/prometheus.yml
# my global config
global:
  scrape_interval:     15s # Set the scrape interval to every 15 seconds. Default is every 1 minute.
  evaluation_interval: 15s # Evaluate rules every 15 seconds. The default is every 1 minute.
  # scrape_timeout is set to the global default (10s).

# Alertmanager configuration
alerting:
  alertmanagers:
  - static_configs:
    - targets:
      # - alertmanager:9093

# Load rules once and periodically evaluate them according to the global ‘evaluation_interval‘.
rule_files:
  # - "first_rules.yml"
  # - "second_rules.yml"

# A scrape configuration containing exactly one endpoint to scrape:
# Here it‘s Prometheus itself.
scrape_configs:
  # The job name is added as a label `job=<job_name>` to any timeseries scraped from this config.
  - job_name: ‘prometheus‘

    # metrics_path defaults to ‘/metrics‘
    # scheme defaults to ‘http‘.

    static_configs:
    - targets: [‘localhost:9090‘]
  - job_name: ‘host‘
    file_sd_configs:
      - files: [‘/usr/local/prometheus/sd_config/host.yml‘]
        refresh_interval: 5s

• 创建host.yaml文件

[email protected]:/usr/local/prometheus/sd_config# cat /usr/local/prometheus/sd_config/host.yml 
- targets:
  - 192.168.1.57:9100

• 重载配置文件

  prometheus_id=`ps -ef |grep prometheus.yml|grep -v grep|awk ‘{print $2}‘`
  kill -hup $prometheus_id

• 查看Targets host，host组，已存在192.168.1.57被监控端
  
• grafana导入linux基础监控模：9276

• 输入9276后，等待几秒自动加载模板
  
• 查看主机资源展示
  

4、安装Alertmanager

• 下载Alertmanager

[email protected]:~# wget https://github.com/prometheus/alertmanager/releases/download/v0.18.0/alertmanager-0.18.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz

• 解压alertmanager-0.18.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz 并移动到/usr/local/alertmanager

  [email protected]:~# tar xf alertmanager-0.18.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz 
  [email protected]:~# mv alertmanager-0.18.0.linux-amd64 /usr/local/alertmanager

• 配置alertmanager后台启动

[email protected]:~# cd /usr/local/alertmanager
[email protected]:/usr/local/alertmanager# cat /lib/systemd/system/alertmanager.service
[Unit]
Description=https://prometheus.io/docs/prometheus/latest/configuration/alerting_rules/

[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/local/alertmanager/alertmanager --config.file=/usr/local/alertmanager/alertmanager.yml

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

• 配置邮件告警

[email protected]:/usr/local/alertmanager# cat /usr/local/alertmanager/alertmanager.yml 
global:
  resolve_timeout: 5m
  smtp_smarthost: ‘smtp.163.com:25‘
  smtp_from: ‘[email protected]‘
  smtp_auth_username: ‘[email protected]‘
  smtp_auth_password: ‘xxxxxx‘
  smtp_require_tls: false
route:
  group_by: [‘alertname‘]
  group_wait: 10s
  group_interval: 10s
  repeat_interval: 1m
  receiver: ‘mail‘
receivers:
- name: ‘mail‘
  email_configs:
  - to: ‘[email protected]‘

• 启动alertmanager

[email protected]:/usr/local/alertmanager# systemctl enable alertmanager.service
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/alertmanager.service to /lib/systemd/system/alertmanager.service.
[email protected]:/usr/local/alertmanager# systemctl start alertmanager.service

[email protected]:/usr/local/alertmanager# systemctl status alertmanager.service
● alertmanager.service - https://prometheus.io/docs/prometheus/latest/configuration/alerting_rules/
   Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/alertmanager.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
   Active: active (running) since Wed 2019-07-10 16:28:20 CST; 2min 15s ago
 Main PID: 19847 (alertmanager)
    Tasks: 9
   Memory: 9.0M
      CPU: 290ms
   CGroup: /system.slice/alertmanager.service
           └─19847 /usr/local/alertmanager/alertmanager --config.file=/usr/local/alertmanager/alertmanager.yml

• 配置告警信息

# Alertmanager configuration
alerting:
  alertmanagers:
  - static_configs:
    - targets:
       - 127.0.0.1:9093

# Load rules once and periodically evaluate them according to the global ‘evaluation_interval‘.
rule_files:
   - "rules/*.yml"
[email protected]:/usr/local/prometheus/rules# cat /usr/local/prometheus/rules/targets.yml 
groups:
- name: targets
  rules:

  # Alert for any instance that is unreachable for >5 minutes.
  - alert: InstanceDown
    expr: up == 0
    for: 1m  
    labels:
      severity: error 
    annotations:
      summary: "Instance {{ $labels.instance }} down" 
      description: "{{ $labels.instance }} of job {{ $labels.job }} has been down for more than 1 minutes."

• 重载Prometheus服务文件，根据Prometheus进程号818发送信号

  prometheus_id=`ps -ef |grep prometheus.yml|grep -v grep|awk ‘{print $2}‘`
  kill -hup $prometheus_id

• 查看告警规则
  
• 查看告警状态，（active）表示：活动
  
• 测试节点停止
  [email protected]:~# systemctl stop node_exporter.service
• Pending：已触发阈值，但未满足告警持续时间
  
• Firing：已触发阈值且满足告警持续时间。警报发送给接收者。
  *
• 收到告警邮件