用Xcode配置完美ACMer环境

前言

? 作为\(ACMer\)，需求大致为强大的文本编辑功能\((VIM)\)，便捷的文件模版功能以及多文件编译功能。\(vscode\)虽然强大，但是与集成\(IDE\)相比其缺点也很明显，就是没有完美的\(Debug\)功能。而\(Xcode\)刚好有此功能，但是在其他方面却显得有些笨拙，经过在网上探查，逐步实现了\(Xcode+vim+多文件编译 +自定义模版\)等功能。下面就来一一介绍如何配置。

万能头文件

• 打开\(Finder\)

• 按快捷键：\(Command+Shift+G\)。

• 输入路径：

/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/include/c++/v1

• 创建名为"bits"的文件夹

• 创建名为"stdc++.h"的文件

• 文件中写入以下代码：

// C++ includes used for precompiling -*- C++ -*-
// Copyright (C) 2003-2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
//
// This file is part of the GNU ISO C++ Library.  This library is free
// software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
// terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
// Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option)
// any later version.
// This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
// GNU General Public License for more details.
// Under Section 7 of GPL version 3, you are granted additional
// permissions described in the GCC Runtime Library Exception, version
// 3.1, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License and
// a copy of the GCC Runtime Library Exception along with this program;
// see the files COPYING3 and COPYING.RUNTIME respectively.  If not, see
// <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
/** @file stdc++.h
*  This is an implementation file for a precompiled header.
*/
// 17.4.1.2 Headers
// C
#ifndef _GLIBCXX_NO_ASSERT
#include <cassert>
#endif
#include <cctype>
#include <cerrno>
#include <cfloat>
#include <ciso646>
#include <climits>
#include <clocale>
#include <cmath>
#include <csetjmp>
#include <csignal>
#include <cstdarg>
#include <cstddef>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <cstring>
#include <ctime>
#if __cplusplus >= 201103L
#include <ccomplex>
#include <cfenv>
#include <cinttypes>
//#include <cstdalign>
#include <cstdbool>
#include <cstdint>
#include <ctgmath>
#include <cwchar>
#include <cwctype>
#endif
// C++
#include <algorithm>
#include <bitset>
#include <complex>
#include <deque>
#include <exception>
#include <fstream>
#include <functional>
#include <iomanip>
#include <ios>
#include <iosfwd>
#include <iostream>
#include <istream>
#include <iterator>
#include <limits>
#include <list>
#include <locale>
#include <map>
#include <memory>
#include <new>
#include <numeric>
#include <ostream>
#include <queue>
#include <set>
#include <sstream>
#include <stack>
#include <stdexcept>
#include <streambuf>
#include <string>
#include <typeinfo>
#include <utility>
#include <valarray>
#include <vector>
#if __cplusplus >= 201103L
#include <array>
#include <atomic>
#include <chrono>
#include <condition_variable>
#include <forward_list>
#include <future>
#include <initializer_list>
#include <mutex>
#include <random>
#include <ratio>
#include <regex>
#include <scoped_allocator>
#include <system_error>
#include <thread>
#include <tuple>
#include <typeindex>
#include <type_traits>
#include <unordered_map>
#include <unordered_set>
#endif

• 保存退出即可。

Vim插件

• 首先确认\(Xcode\)处于关闭状态
• 因为\(Vim\)插件属于第三方软件，所以需要给其注册一个证书：

# 下载注册软件
git clone https://github.com/slegetank/ResignXcode.git

# 进入安装目录
cd ResignXcode

# 运行注册程序
python2.7 ResignXcode.py

• 等待，可能时间比较长
• 安装\(Vim\)插件：

# 确认 Xcode 指向 /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer
xcode-select -p

# 下载 XVim2
git clone https://github.com/XVimProject/XVim2.git

# 下载完毕后，进入目录
cd xvim2

# 安装
make

• 安装完成后显示\(BUILD\ SUCCEEDED\)则表示安装成功。

• 打开\(Xcode\)提示Unexpected code bundle "XXVim2.xcpplugin，选择Load Bundle 即可。

自定义模版格式

• 打开\(Finder\)。
• 按快捷键：\(Command+Shift+G\)
• 输入文件路径：

/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Library/Xcode/Templates/Project Templates/Mac/Application/Command Line Tool.xctemplate

• 复制文件\(TemplateInfo.plist\)到以下目录中：（没有文件夹的需要创建文件夹）

~/Library/Developer/Xcode/Templates/Application/My Command Line Tool.xctemplate

• 修改\(TemplateInfo.plist\)文件：（根据需要自行修改第\(100\)行和最后一段）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
<plist version="1.0">
<dict>
<key>Kind</key>
<string>Xcode.Xcode3.ProjectTemplateUnitKind</string>
<key>Identifier</key>
<string>com.apple.dt.unit.commandLineTool</string>
<key>Ancestors</key>
<array>
<string>com.apple.dt.unit.base</string>
<string>com.apple.dt.unit.osxBase</string>
</array>
<key>Concrete</key>
<true/>
<key>SortOrder</key>
<integer>50</integer>
<key>Description</key>
<string>This template creates a command-line tool.</string>
<key>Targets</key>
<array>
<dict>
<key>ProductType</key>
<string>com.apple.product-type.tool</string>
<key>TargetIdentifier</key>
<string>com.apple.dt.commandLineToolTarget</string>
<key>BuildPhases</key>
<array>
<dict>
<key>Class</key>
<string>Sources</string>
</dict>
<dict>
<key>Class</key>
<string>Frameworks</string>
</dict>
<dict>
<key>Class</key>
<string>CopyFiles</string>
<key>DstPath</key>
<string>/usr/share/man/man1/</string>
<key>DstSubfolderSpec</key>
<string>0</string>
<key>RunOnlyForDeploymentPostprocessing</key>
<string>YES</string>
</dict>
</array>
</dict>
</array>
<key>Options</key>
<array>
<dict>
<key>Identifier</key>
<string>languageChoice</string>
<key>Name</key>
<string>Language:</string>
<key>Description</key>
<string>The primary implementation language for the command-line tool</string>
<key>Default</key>
<string>Swift</string>
<key>Type</key>
<string>popup</string>
<key>Values</key>
<array>
<string>Swift</string>
<string>Objective-C</string>
<string>C++</string>
<string>C</string>
</array>
<key>Units</key>
<dict>
<key>C</key>
<dict>
<key>Nodes</key>
<array>
<string>main.c:comments</string>
<string>main.c:include</string>
<string>main.c:main:content</string>
</array>
<key>Definitions</key>
<dict>
<key>main.c:include</key>
<string>#include &lt;stdio.h&gt;
</string>
<key>main.c:main:content</key>
<string>// insert code here...
printf(&quot;Hello, World!\n&quot;);
return 0;
</string>
</dict>
</dict>
<key>C++</key>
<dict>
<key>Nodes</key>
<array>
<string>main.cpp:include</string>
<string>main.cpp:main:content</string>
</array>
<key>Definitions</key>
<dict>
<key>main.cpp:include</key>
<string>#include &lt;bits/stdc++.h&gt;
using namespace std;
typedef int Int;
#define int long long
#define INF 0x3f3f3f3f
#define maxn 200000
int a[maxn];</string>
<key>main.cpp:main:content</key>
<string>ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
cin.tie(0);
return 0;
</string>
</dict>
</dict>
<key>Objective-C</key>
<dict>
<key>Nodes</key>
<array>
<string>main.m:comments</string>
<string>main.m:include</string>
<string>main.m:main:content</string>
</array>
<key>Definitions</key>
<dict>
<key>main.m:include</key>
<string>#import &lt;Foundation/Foundation.h&gt;
</string>
<key>main.m:main:content</key>
<string>@autoreleasepool {
// insert code here...
NSLog(@&quot;Hello, World!&quot;);
}
return 0;
</string>
</dict>
</dict>
<key>Swift</key>
<dict>
<key>Project</key>
<dict>
<key>Configurations</key>
<dict>
<key>Debug</key>
<dict>
<key>SWIFT_OPTIMIZATION_LEVEL</key>
<string>-Onone</string>
</dict>
<key>Release</key>
<dict>
<key>SWIFT_COMPILATION_MODE</key>
<string>wholemodule</string>
<key>SWIFT_OPTIMIZATION_LEVEL</key>
<string>-O</string>
</dict>
</dict>
</dict>
<key>Targets</key>
<array>
<dict>
<key>SharedSettings</key>
<dict>
<key>SWIFT_VERSION</key>
<string>5.0</string>
</dict>
</dict>
</array>
<key>Nodes</key>
<array>
<string>main.swift:comments</string>
<string>main.swift:include</string>
<string>main.swift:main:content</string>
</array>
<key>Definitions</key>
<dict>
<key>main.swift:include</key>
<string>import Foundation
</string>
<key>main.swift:main</key>
<dict>
<key>Beginning</key>
<string></string>
<key>End</key>
<string></string>
</dict>
<key>main.swift:main:content</key>
<string>print(&quot;Hello, World!&quot;)
</string>
</dict>
</dict>
</dict>
</dict>
</array>
<key>Definitions</key>
<dict>
<key>*:main</key>
<dict>
<key>Beginning</key>
<string>signed main() {</string>
<key>End</key>
<string>}</string>
<key>Indent</key>
<integer>1</integer>
</dict>
</dict>
</dict>
</plist>

多文件编译

• 正常创建工程即可，当需要创建第二个文件时选择\(File->New->Target\)。然后正常创建一个\(Console\)文件。编译运行的时候，在窗口左上角选择要运行的文件即可。