异常 – Lua – “尝试将数字与nil进行比较”错误

a={51,31,4,22,23,45,23,43,54,22,11,34}
colors={"white","white","white","white","white","white","white","white","white","white","white","white","white","white","white","white","white"}
function try(f, catch_f)
    local status, exception = pcall(f)
    if not status then
        catch_f(exception)
    end
end
function refreshColors(yellowEndIndex,redIndex,blueIndex)
        for ccnt=1,table.getn(a),1 do
                if ccnt < yellowEndIndex then
                    colors[ccnt] = "yellow"
                elseif ccnt == redIndex then
                    colors[ccnt] = "red"
                elseif ccnt == blueIndex then
                    colors[ccnt] = "blue"
                else
                    colors[ccnt] = "white"
                end
        end
end
try(refreshColors, function(e)
    print("Error Occured - "..e)
end)
refreshColors(1,1,1)
print(colors[1])

当调用refreshColors()函数时,它会抛出异常并且错误消息是“Error Occured – trial.lua：11：尝试将数字与nil进行比较”.尽管在refreshColors()函数中没有这样的比较,为什么会发生异常？

if ccnt < yellowEndIndex then

你有一个数字的比较.我们知道ccnt是一个数字(它在循环开始时初始化),所以yellowEndIndex必须是nil. 1<零是无稽之谈,所以这是一个错误. 由于错误消息以“Error Occured – ”开头,我们知道它必须来自您的try函数错误处理程序.这是有道理的.你打电话：

try(refreshColors, function(e)
    print("Error Occured - "..e)
end)

然后尝试调用：

pcall(f)

其中f是refreshColours.这将调用refreshColours而不带任何参数,即所有参数都初始化为nil.当然,调用带有nil值的refreshColouts自然会尝试将1(ccnt)与nil(yellowEndIndex)进行比较！

你可能想修改你的try函数,如下所示：

function try(f, catch_f, ...)
    local status, exception = pcall(f, unpack(arg))
    if not status then
        catch_f(exception)
    end
end

所以你可以这样称呼：

try(refreshColours, function(e)
    print("Error Occured - "..e)
end), 1, 2, 3);

将1,2和3作为参数传递给refreshColours.