SpringBoot整合RabbitMQ及生产全场景高级特性实战

目录

• 摘要
• 整合
• 依赖与配置
  
• 生产者配置消息队列规则
  
• 生产者发布消息
  
• 消费者监听消息
  

摘要

整合场景含 topic 工作模式(通过 routingKey 可满足简单/工作队列/发布订阅/路由等四种工作模式)和 confirm(消息确认)、return(消息返回)、basicAck(消息签收)、basicNack(拒绝签收)、DLX(Dead Letter Exchange死信队列)实现延时/定时任务等。

整合

依赖与配置

以下内容消费者同生产者

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.1.4.RELEASE</version>
    </parent>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
          <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
          <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

server.port=8090
spring.rabbitmq.host=192.168.168.10
spring.rabbitmq.port=5672
spring.rabbitmq.username=zheng123
spring.rabbitmq.password=zheng123
spring.rabbitmq.virtual-host=/zheng
spring.rabbitmq.publisher-confirms=true
spring.rabbitmq.publisher-returns=true
spring.rabbitmq.listener.direct.acknowledge-mode=manual

生产者配置消息队列规则

下边是两种配置方式，本次整合示例中使用第一个配置

@Configuration
public class TopicConfig {

   // 声明队列
   @Bean
   public Queue topicQ1() {
      return new Queue("topic_sb_mq_q1");
   }
   
   // 声明队列并绑定该队列到死信交换机(返回值有两种写法，任选一种都可以)
   // 测试死信需要关闭原队列的监听
   @Bean
   public Queue topicQ2() {

        return QueueBuilder.durable("topic_sb_mq_q2")
              .withArgument("x-dead-letter-exchange", "topicExchange")
              .withArgument("x-dead-letter-routing-key", "changsha.f")
              .withArgument("x-message-ttl", 10000)
              .build();

        Map<String,Object> arguments = new HashMap<>(2);
        arguments.put("x-dead-letter-exchange","topicExchange");
        arguments.put("x-dead-letter-routing-key","changsha.f");
        arguments.put("x-message-ttl",10000);
        return new Queue("topic_sb_mq_q2",true,false,false,arguments);
   }


   //声明exchange
   @Bean
   public TopicExchange setTopicExchange() {
      return new TopicExchange("topicExchange");
   }

   //声明binding，需要声明一个routingKey
   @Bean
   public Binding bindTopicHebei1() {
      return BindingBuilder.bind(topicQ1()).to(setTopicExchange()).with("changsha.*");
   }
   @Bean
   public Binding bindTopicHebei2() {
      return BindingBuilder.bind(topicQ2()).to(setTopicExchange()).with("#.beijing");
   }
}

@Configuration
public class RabbitMqConfig {

    //定义交换机的名字
    public static final String  EXCHANGE_NAME = "boot_topic_exchange";
    //定义队列的名字
    public static final String QUEUE_NAME = "boot_queue";

    //1、声明交换机
    @Bean("bootExchange")
    public Exchange bootExchange(){
        return ExchangeBuilder.topicExchange(EXCHANGE_NAME).durable(true).build();
    }

    //2、声明队列
    @Bean("bootQueue")
    public Queue bootQueue(){
        return QueueBuilder.durable(QUEUE_NAME).build();
    }

    //3、队列与交换机进行绑定
    @Bean
    public Binding bindQueueExchange(@Qualifier("bootQueue") Queue queue, @Qualifier("bootExchange") Exchange exchange){
        // topic模式兼容广播模式，路由模式。with("#")则类似广播模式匹配所有订阅者；with("boot.1")则类似路由模式匹配指定订阅者
        return BindingBuilder.bind(queue).to(exchange).with("boot.#").noargs();
    }
}

生产者发布消息

@RestController
public class ProducerController {

    @Autowired
    private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;
    
    @GetMapping(value="/topicSend")
    public Object topicSend(String routingKey,String message) throws AmqpException, UnsupportedEncodingException {

       // 定义 confirm 回调
       rabbitTemplate.setConfirmCallback((correlationData, ack, cause) -> {
          if (ack) {
             // confirmed
          } else {
             // nack-ed
          }
       });

       rabbitTemplate.setMandatory(true);
       rabbitTemplate.setReturnCallback((msg, replyCode, replyText, exchange, routKey)->{
          // return message
       });

       if(null == routingKey) {
          routingKey="changsha.kf";
       }
       MessageProperties messageProperties = new MessageProperties();
       messageProperties.setContentType(MessageProperties.CONTENT_TYPE_TEXT_PLAIN);
       //fanout模式只往exchange里发送消息。分发到exchange下的所有queue
       rabbitTemplate.send("topicExchange", routingKey, new Message(message.getBytes("UTF-8"),messageProperties));
       return "message sended : routingKey >"+routingKey+";message > "+message;
    }
}

消费者监听消息

@Component
public class ConcumerReceiver {
    //topic 模式
    //注意这个模式会有优先匹配原则。例如发送routingKey=hunan.IT,那匹配到hunan.*(hunan.IT,hunan.eco),之后就不会再去匹配*.ITd
    @RabbitListener(queues="topic_sb_mq_q1")
    public void topicReceiveq1(String msg,Message message, Channel channel) throws IOException {
       // 消息id
       long deliveryTag = message.getMessageProperties().getDeliveryTag();
       try {
          // message.getBody() todosomething

          // 签收消息
          channel.basicAck(deliveryTag, true);
       } catch (Exception e) {

          // 拒绝签收
          // 第三个参数：requeue：重回队列。如果设置为true，则消息重新回到queue，broker会重新发送该消息给消费端
          channel.basicNack(deliveryTag, true, true);
       }
    }

    @RabbitListener(queues="topic_sb_mq_q2")
    public void topicReceiveq2(String message) {
       System.out.println("Topic模式 topic_sb_mq_q2 received  message : " +message);
    }
}

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