1、Text字段排序 场景:数据库中按照某个字段排序,sql只需写order by 字段名即可, 如果es对一个 text field 进行排序,es中无法排序。因为文档入倒排索引表时,分词存入,es无法知道此字
场景:数据库中按照某个字段排序,sql只需写order by 字段名即可,如果es对一个text field
进行排序,es中无法排序。因为文档入倒排索引表时,分词存入,es无法知道此字段的真实值。这样的结果往往不准确,因为分词后是多个单词,再排序就不是我们想要的结果了。
通常有两种解决办法:
- 将一个text field建立两次索引,一个分词,用来进行搜索;一个不分词,用来进行排序。
- mapping时设置
fielddata:true
,按照第一个分词进行字典序排序。这种方式也不是很准确,因为只是按照第一个分词进行排序,后续的分词不会参与排序。fielddata:true的排序是对text内部分词结果进行排序之后再进行外部排序的,效率低不推荐使用;
样例如下:
首先建立索引
PUT /website
{
"mappings": {
"properties": {
"title": {
"type": "text",
"fields": {
"keyword": {
"type": "keyword"
}
}
},
"content": {
"type": "text",
"fielddata": true
},
"post_date": {
"type": "date"
},
"author_id": {
"type": "long"
}
}
}
}
插入数据
PUT /website/_doc/1
{
"title": "first article",
"content": "this is my second article",
"post_date": "2019-01-01",
"author_id": 110
}
PUT /website/_doc/2
{
"title": "second article",
"content": "this is my second article",
"post_date": "2019-01-01",
"author_id": 110
}
PUT /website/_doc/3
{
"title": "third article",
"content": "this is my third article",
"post_date": "2019-01-02",
"author_id": 110
}
搜索,按照整个title的值进行排序
GET /website/_search
{
"query": {
"match_all": {}
},
"sort": [
{
"title.keyword": {
"order": "desc"
}
}
]
}
GET /website/_search
{
"query": {
"match_all": {}
},
"sort": [
{
"content": {
"order": "desc"
}
}
]
}
场景:下载某一个索引中1亿条数据,到文件或是数据库。
不能一下全查出来,这样会造成系统内存溢出。所以使用scoll滚动搜索技术,一批一批查询。scoll搜索会在第一次搜索的时候,保存一个当时的视图快照,之后只会基于该旧的视图快照提供数据搜索,如果这个期间数据变更,是不会让用户看到的。每次发送scroll请求,我们还需要指定一个scoll参数,指定一个时间窗口,每次搜索请求只要在这个时间窗口内能完成就可以了。
假如有三亿条数据,这里实际只有3条
添加测试数据
PUT /book/_doc/1
{
"name": "Bootstrap开发",
"description": "Bootstrap是由Twitter推出的一个前台页面开发css框架,是一个非常流行的开发框架,此框架集成了多种页面效果。此开发框架包含了大量的CSS、JS程序代码,可以帮助开发者(尤其是不擅长css页面开发的程序人员)轻松的实现一个css,不受浏览器限制的精美界面css效果。",
"studymodel": "201002",
"price": 38.6,
"timestamp": "2019-08-25 19:11:35",
"pic": "group1/M00/00/00/wKhlQFs6RCeAY0pHAAJx5ZjNDEM428.jpg",
"tags": [
"bootstrap",
"dev"
]
}
PUT /book/_doc/2
{
"name": "java编程思想",
"description": "java语言是世界第一编程语言,在软件开发领域使用人数最多。",
"studymodel": "201001",
"price": 68.6,
"timestamp": "2019-08-25 19:11:35",
"pic": "group1/M00/00/00/wKhlQFs6RCeAY0pHAAJx5ZjNDEM428.jpg",
"tags": [
"java",
"dev"
]
}
PUT /book/_doc/3
{
"name": "spring开发基础",
"description": "spring 在java领域非常流行,java程序员都在用。",
"studymodel": "201001",
"price": 88.6,
"timestamp": "2019-08-24 19:11:35",
"pic": "group1/M00/00/00/wKhlQFs6RCeAY0pHAAJx5ZjNDEM428.jpg",
"tags": [
"spring",
"java"
]
}
搜索
GET /book/_search?scroll=1m
{
"query": {
"match_all": {}
},
"size": 1
}
首先获取第一批次的数据,这里只返回一条。
{
"_scroll_id" : "DXF1ZXJ5QW5kRmV0Y2gBAAAAAAAAByQWQWx5bzRmTW9TeUNpNmVvN0E2dF9YQQ==",
"took" : 0,
"timed_out" : false,
"_shards" : {
"total" : 1,
"successful" : 1,
"skipped" : 0,
"failed" : 0
},
"hits" : {
"total" : {
"value" : 3,
"relation" : "eq"
},
"max_score" : 1.0,
"hits" : [
{
"_index" : "book",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "1",
"_score" : 1.0,
"_source" : {
"name" : "Bootstrap开发",
"description" : "Bootstrap是一个非常流行的开发框架。此开发框架可以帮助不擅长css页面开发的程序人员轻松的实现一个css,不受浏览器限制的精美界面css效果。",
"studymodel" : "201002",
"price" : 38.6,
"timestamp" : "2019-08-25 19:11:35",
"pic" : "group1/M00/00/00/wKhlQFs6RCeAY0pHAAJx5ZjNDEM428.jpg",
"tags" : [
"bootstrap",
"dev"
]
}
}
]
}
}
可以看到获取到了第一条的数据,获得的结果里面包含有一个scoll_id,下一次再发送scoll请求的时候,必须带上这个scoll_id,接下来获取第二条数据
GET /_search/scroll
{
"scroll": "1m",
"scroll_id" : "DXF1ZXJ5QW5kRmV0Y2gBAAAAAAAAByQWQWx5bzRmTW9TeUNpNmVvN0E2dF9YQQ=="
}
获取成功第二条数据
{
"_scroll_id" : "DXF1ZXJ5QW5kRmV0Y2gBAAAAAAAAByQWQWx5bzRmTW9TeUNpNmVvN0E2dF9YQQ==",
"took" : 1,
"timed_out" : false,
"terminated_early" : true,
"_shards" : {
"total" : 1,
"successful" : 1,
"skipped" : 0,
"failed" : 0
},
"hits" : {
"total" : {
"value" : 3,
"relation" : "eq"
},
"max_score" : 1.0,
"hits" : [
{
"_index" : "book",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "2",
"_score" : 1.0,
"_source" : {
"name" : "java编程思想",
"description" : "java语言是世界第一编程语言,在软件开发领域使用人数最多。",
"studymodel" : "201001",
"price" : 68.6,
"timestamp" : "2019-08-25 19:11:35",
"pic" : "group1/M00/00/00/wKhlQFs6RCeAY0pHAAJx5ZjNDEM428.jpg",
"tags" : [
"java",
"dev"
]
}
}
]
}
}
每一次都带上上一次的_scroll_id。,接下来获取第三条数据。
GET /_search/scroll
{
"scroll": "1m",
"scroll_id" : "DXF1ZXJ5QW5kRmV0Y2gBAAAAAAAAByQWQWx5bzRmTW9TeUNpNmVvN0E2dF9YQQ=="
}
成功获取第三条数据:
{
"_scroll_id" : "DXF1ZXJ5QW5kRmV0Y2gBAAAAAAAAByQWQWx5bzRmTW9TeUNpNmVvN0E2dF9YQQ==",
"took" : 1,
"timed_out" : false,
"terminated_early" : true,
"_shards" : {
"total" : 1,
"successful" : 1,
"skipped" : 0,
"failed" : 0
},
"hits" : {
"total" : {
"value" : 3,
"relation" : "eq"
},
"max_score" : 1.0,
"hits" : [
{
"_index" : "book",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "3",
"_score" : 1.0,
"_source" : {
"name" : "spring开发基础",
"description" : "spring 在java领域非常流行,java程序员都在用。",
"studymodel" : "201001",
"price" : 88.6,
"timestamp" : "2019-08-24 19:11:35",
"pic" : "group1/M00/00/00/wKhlQFs6RCeAY0pHAAJx5ZjNDEM428.jpg",
"tags" : [
"spring",
"java"
]
}
}
]
}
}