Prometheus配合Alertmanager报警系统

Promethous+Alertmanager+Grafana

监控技术栈如下：Prometheus(最新版)：基于TSDB的微服务指标采集&报警；Alertmanager：报警服务；Grafana（>=5.x）：监控报表展示。

一、软件部署

1.1 Prometheus安装

# wget https://github.com/prometheus/prometheus/releases/download/v2.5.0/prometheus-2.5.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz # tar zxvf prometheus-2.5.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/ # cd /usr/local/ # ln -s prometheus-2.5.0.linux-amd64 prometheus # chown work:work prometheus* -R # cd prometheus # ls # console_libraries consoles LICENSE NOTICE prometheus prometheus.yml promtool

1.2 Alertmanager安装

# wget https://github.com/prometheus/alertmanager/releases/download/v0.15.3/alertmanager-0.15.3.linux-amd64.tar.gz # tar zxvf alertmanager-0.15.3.linux-amd64.tar.gz # ln -s alertmanager-0.15.3.linux-amd64 alertmanager # chown work:work alertmanager* -R # cd alertmanager # ls # alertmanager alertmanager.yml amtool LICENSE NOTICE

1.3 Grafana安装

# wget wget https://dl.grafana.com/oss/release/grafana-5.3.4-1.x86_64.rpm # rpm -Uvh grafana-5.3.4-1.x86_64.rpm # systemctl restart grafana.service

二、服务配置

2.1 Prometheus配置

指定服务监听alertmanager端口及报警规则目录

vim /usr/local/prometheus/prometheus.yml #配置alertmanager信息 alerting: alertmanagers: - static_configs: - targets: ['localhost:9093'] #配置告警规则目录 rule_files: - /usr/local/prometheus/rules/*.rules

2.2 Rules策略配置

创建一个服务down的报警规则

vim /usr/local/prometheus/rules/service_down.rules groups: - name: ServiceStatus #规则组名称 rules: - alert: ServiceStatusAlert #单个规则的名称 expr: up == 0 #匹配规则, up==0 for: 10s #持续时间 labels: #标签 project: zhidaoAPP #自定义lables annotations: #告警正文 summary: "Instance {{ $labels.instance }} down" description: "{{ $labels.instance }} of job {{ $labels.job }} has been down for more than 1 minutes."

2.3 Alertmanager配置

vim /usr/local/alertmanager/alertmanager.yml #全局配置,比如配置发件人 global: resolve_timeout: 5m #处理超时时间，默认为5min smtp_smarthost: 'smtp.163.com:25' # 邮箱smtp服务器代理 smtp_from: 'zabbix@minminmsn.com' # 发送邮箱名称 smtp_auth_username: 'zabbix@minminmsn.com' # 邮箱名称 smtp_auth_password: '12345678xxOO' # 邮箱密码或授权码 # 定义模板信息,可以自定义html模板,发邮件的时候用自己定义的模板内容发 templates: - 'template/*.tmpl' # 定义路由树信息,这个路由可以接收到所有的告警,还可以继续配置路由,比如project: zhidaoAPP(prometheus 告警规则中自定义的lable)发给谁,project: baoxian的发给谁 route: group_by: ['alertname'] # 报警分组依据 group_wait: 10s # 最初即第一次等待多久时间发送一组警报的通知 group_interval: 60s # 在发送新警报前的等待时间 repeat_interval: 1h # 发送重复警报的周期 对于email配置中，此项不可以设置过低，否则将会由于邮件发送太多频繁，被smtp服务器拒绝 receiver: 'email' # 发送警报的接收者的名称，以下receivers name的名称 # 定义警报接收者信息 receivers: - name: 'email' # 路由中对应的receiver名称 email_configs: # 邮箱配置 - to: 'admin@minminmsn.com' # 接收警报的email配置 #html: '{{ template "test.html" . }}' # 设定邮箱的内容模板

三、服务启动

3.1 Prometheus启动

/usr/local/prometheus/prometheus --config.file=prometheus.yml --web.enable-lifecycle --web.external-url=http://127.0.0.1:9090 --storage.tsdb.path=/data1/prometheus/data &

3.2 Alertmanager启动

/usr/local/alermanager/alertmanager &

四、报警验证

4.1 Prometheus

4.2 Rules

4.3 Alerts

4.4 Mails

五、参考

https://yunlzheng.gitbook.io/prometheus-book/parti-prometheus-ji-chu/alerthttps://prometheus.io/docs/prometheus/latest/getting_started/