大纲 一、实验环境说明 二、Cacti 监控服务器完整搭建过程演示（基于spine采集器） 三、Cacti 高级应用之Linux主机模板 四、Cacti 高级应用之Windows主机模板 注，操作系统 CentOS 6.4 x86_64，软
大纲
一、实验环境说明
二、Cacti 监控服务器完整搭建过程演示（基于spine采集器）
三、Cacti 高级应用之Linux主机模板
四、Cacti 高级应用之Windows主机模板
注，操作系统 CentOS 6.4 x86_64，软件版本 Cacti 0.8.8b (目前最新版)。本博文中涉及的所有软件或文档请点击这里下载：http://yunpan.cn/QhIWp3BZAw5Cu 提取码 81f7 。
一、实验环境说明
1.实验拓扑
2.同步节点时间
[root@cacti ~]# ntpdate 202.120.2.101 [root@node2 ~]# ntpdate 202.120.2.1013.安装yum源
[root@cacti ~]# rpm -ivh http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/x86_64/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm [root@node2 ~]# rpm -ivh http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/x86_64/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm二、Cacti 监控服务器完整搭建过程演示（基于spine采集器）
1.安装net-snmp工具
注，用yum安装net-snmp net-snmp-utils net-snmp-devel。
[root@cacti ~]# yum install -y net-snmp net-snmp-utils net-snmp-devel注，修改配置文件。
[root@cacti ~]# vim /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf 修改前， view systemview included .1.3.6.1.2.1.1 修改后， view systemview included .1注，启动snmpd服务。
[root@cacti ~]# service snmpd start 正在启动 snmpd： [确定]注，测试一下net-snmp。
2.安装rrdtool工具
注，安装rrdtool rrdtool-devel。
[root@cacti ~]# yum install -y rrdtool rrdtool-devel注，测试一下。
[root@cacti ~]# rrdtool RRDtool 1.3.8 Copyright 1997-2009 by Tobias Oetiker <tobi@oetiker.ch> Compiled Aug 21 2010 10:57:18 Usage: rrdtool [options] command command_options Valid commands: create, update, updatev, graph, graphv, dump, restore, last, lastupdate, first, info, fetch, tune, resize, xport RRDtool is distributed under the Terms of the GNU General Public License Version 2. (www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html) For more information read the RRD manpages3.安装LAMP环境
注，安装httpd php php-mysql php-snmp php-xml php-gd mysql mysql-server gd gd-devel。
[root@cacti ~]# yum install -y httpd php php-mysql php-snmp php-xml php-gd mysql mysql-server mysql-devel gd gd-devel注，设置开机自启动并启动服务。
[root@cacti ~]# chkconfig snmpd on [root@cacti ~]# chkconfig httpd on [root@cacti ~]# chkconfig mysqld on [root@node1 ~]# chkconfig httpd on [root@node1 ~]# service httpd start 正在启动 httpd： [确定] [root@node1 ~]# chkconfig mysqld on [root@node1 ~]# service mysqld start 正在启动 mysqld： [确定] [root@cacti ~]# netstat -ntulp Active Internet connections (only servers) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1016/sshd tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:25 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1093/master tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:6010 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1128/sshd tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:199 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1272/snmpd tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:3306 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 6498/mysqld tcp 0 0 :::80 :::* LISTEN 6298/httpd tcp 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN 1016/sshd tcp 0 0 ::1:25 :::* LISTEN 1093/master tcp 0 0 ::1:6010 :::* LISTEN 1128/sshd udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:161 0.0.0.0:* 1272/snmpd4.测试LAMP环境
注，提供php页面。
[root@cacti html]# vim index.php <?php phpinfo(); ?>注，用浏览器访问测试一下。
5.安装cacti
[root@cacti ~]# cd /var/www/html/ [root@cacti html]# rm -rf * [root@cacti html]# ls [root@cacti ~]# tar xf cacti-0.8.8b.tar.gz [root@cacti ~]# cd cacti-0.8.8b [root@cacti cacti-0.8.8b]# mv * /var/www/html/ [root@cacti cacti-0.8.8b]# cd /var/www/html/ [root@cacti html]# ls about.php data_templates.php graph_templates.php log scripts auth_changepassword.php docs graph_view.php logout.php script_server.php auth_login.php gprint_presets.php graph_xport.php plugins script_server.pl cacti.sql graph_p_w_picpath.php host.php plugins.php settings.php cdef.php graph.php host_templates.php poller_commands.php templates_export.php cli graph_settings.php p_w_picpaths poller_export.php templates_import.php cmd.php graphs_items.php include poller.php tree.php color.php graphs_new.php index.php README user_admin.php data_input.php graphs.php install resource utilities.php data_queries.php graph_templates_inputs.php lib rra data_sources.php graph_templates_items.php LICENSE rra.php注，创建cacti用户并授权。
[root@cacti html]# useradd cacti [root@cacti html]# chown -R cacti.cacti ./* [root@cacti html]# ll 总用量 1088 -rw-r--r-- 1 cacti cacti 5945 8月 7 10:31 about.php -rw-r--r-- 1 cacti cacti 5348 8月 7 10:31 auth_changepassword.php -rw-r--r-- 1 cacti cacti 14288 8月 7 10:31 auth_login.php -rw-r--r-- 1 cacti cacti 178349 8月 7 10:31 cacti.sql -rw-r--r-- 1 cacti cacti 21658 8月 7 10:31 cdef.php drwxr-xr-x 2 cacti cacti 4096 8月 7 10:31 cli -rw-r--r-- 1 cacti cacti 26620 8月 7 10:31 cmd.php -rw-r--r-- 1 cacti cacti 6974 8月 7 10:31 color.php -rw-r--r-- 1 cacti cacti 25068 8月 7 10:31 data_input.php -rw-r--r-- 1 cacti cacti 35505 8月 7 10:31 data_queries.php -rw-r--r-- 1 cacti cacti 60117 8月 7 10:31 data_sources.php -rw-r--r-- 1 cacti cacti 32920 8月 7 10:31 data_templates.php drwxr-xr-x 5 cacti cacti 4096 8月 7 10:31 docs -rw-r--r-- 1 cacti cacti 6107 8月 7 10:31 gprint_presets.php -rw-r--r-- 1 cacti cacti 3657 8月 7 10:31 graph_p_w_picpath.php -rw-r--r-- 1 cacti cacti 13469 8月 7 10:31 graph.php -rw-r--r-- 1 cacti cacti 9208 8月 7 10:31 graph_settings.php -rw-r--r-- 1 cacti cacti 17426 8月 7 10:31 graphs_items.php -rw-r--r-- 1 cacti cacti 40166 8月 7 10:31 graphs_new.php -rw-r--r-- 1 cacti cacti 60571 8月 7 10:31 graphs.php -rw-r--r-- 1 cacti cacti 10006 8月 7 10:31 graph_templates_inputs.php -rw-r--r-- 1 cacti cacti 18542 8月 7 10:31 graph_templates_items.php -rw-r--r-- 1 cacti cacti 26703 8月 7 10:31 graph_templates.php -rw-r--r-- 1 cacti cacti 40313 8月 7 10:31 graph_view.php -rw-r--r-- 1 cacti cacti 6022 8月 7 10:31 graph_xport.php -rw-r--r-- 1 cacti cacti 60091 8月 7 10:31 host.php -rw-r--r-- 1 cacti cacti 20031 8月 7 10:31 host_templates.php drwxr-xr-x 2 cacti cacti 4096 4月 4 2012 p_w_picpaths drwxr-xr-x 4 cacti cacti 4096 10月 17 09:49 include -rw-r--r-- 1 cacti cacti 2313 8月 7 10:31 index.php drwxr-xr-x 2 cacti cacti 4096 8月 7 10:31 install drwxr-xr-x 3 cacti cacti 4096 8月 7 10:31 lib -rw-r--r-- 1 cacti cacti 15141 4月 4 2012 LICENSE drwxr-xr-x 2 cacti cacti 4096 4月 4 2012 log -rw-r--r-- 1 cacti cacti 2838 8月 7 10:31 logout.php drwxr-xr-x 2 cacti cacti 4096 8月 7 10:31 plugins -rw-r--r-- 1 cacti cacti 27362 8月 7 10:31 plugins.php -rw-r--r-- 1 cacti cacti 4310 8月 7 10:31 poller_commands.php -rw-r--r-- 1 cacti cacti 2243 8月 7 10:31 poller_export.php -rw-r--r-- 1 cacti cacti 18056 8月 7 10:31 poller.php -rw-r--r-- 1 cacti cacti 48 4月 4 2012 README drwxr-xr-x 5 cacti cacti 4096 4月 4 2012 resource drwxr-xr-x 2 cacti cacti 4096 10月 17 10:51 rra -rw-r--r-- 1 cacti cacti 7394 8月 7 10:31 rra.php drwxr-xr-x 2 cacti cacti 4096 8月 7 10:31 scripts -rw-r--r-- 1 cacti cacti 10820 8月 7 10:31 script_server.php -rw-r--r-- 1 cacti cacti 353 4月 4 2012 script_server.pl -rw-r--r-- 1 cacti cacti 5761 8月 7 10:31 settings.php -rw-r--r-- 1 cacti cacti 6345 8月 7 10:31 templates_export.php -rw-r--r-- 1 cacti cacti 5835 8月 7 10:31 templates_import.php -rw-r--r-- 1 cacti cacti 19529 8月 7 10:31 tree.php -rw-r--r-- 1 cacti cacti 44997 8月 7 10:31 user_admin.php -rw-r--r-- 1 cacti cacti 65635 8月 7 10:31 utilities.php注，修改cacti配置文件。
[root@cacti html]# cd include/ [root@cacti include]# vim config.php $database_type = "mysql"; $database_default = "cacti"; $database_hostname = "localhost"; $database_username = "cactiuser"; $database_password = "cactiuser"; $database_port = "3306"; $database_ssl = false; $url_path = "/";注，为cacti创建数据库并导入表结构。
[root@cacti ~]# mysqladmin create cacti [root@cacti ~]# mysql cacti < /var/www/html/cacti.sql注，创建cacti数据库管理用户并授权。
[root@cacti ~]# mysql -e "GRANT ALL ON cacti.* TO cactiuser@localhost IDENTIFIED BY 'cactiuser'" [root@cacti ~]# mysql -ucactiuser -pcactiuser Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 10 Server version: 5.1.69 Source distribution Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | cacti | | test | +--------------------+ 3 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql>注，下面我们初始化一下cacti。(下面的内容我就不全部注释在上一篇博文中全部讲解过，不清楚的博友可以参考一下这篇博文：http://freeloda.blog.51cto.com/2033581/1308140 。)
注，最后增加crontab让net-snmp每5分钟抓取一次数据。
[root@cacti html]# echo '*/5 * * * * /usr/bin/php /var/www/html/poller.php &>/dev/null' > /var/spool/cron/cacti [root@cacti html]# crontab -u cacti -l */5 * * * * /usr/bin/php /var/www/html/poller.php &>/dev/null注，为了防止这个任务计划不执行，我们最好手动验证一下。
[root@cacti html]# su - cacti [cacti@cacti ~]$ /usr/bin/php/var/www/html/poller.php PHP Warning: strtotime(): It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'Asia/Chongqing' for 'CST/8.0/noDST' insteadin/web/vhosts/cacti/include/global_constants.php on line 165 PHP Warning: date(): It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'Asia/Chongqing' for 'CST/8.0/noDST' insteadin/web/vhosts/cacti/include/global_constants.php on line 165 PHP Warning: strtotime(): It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'Asia/Chongqing' for 'CST/8.0/noDST' insteadin/web/vhosts/cacti/include/global_constants.php on line 166 PHP Warning: date(): It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'Asia/Chongqing' for 'CST/8.0/noDST' insteadin/web/vhosts/cacti/include/global_constants.php on line 166 PHP Warning: strtotime(): It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'Asia/Chongqing' for 'CST/8.0/noDST' insteadin/web/vhosts/cacti/include/global_constants.php on line 167 PHP Warning: date(): It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'Asia/Chongqing' for 'CST/8.0/noDST' insteadin/web/vhosts/cacti/include/global_constants.php on line 167 PHP Warning: strtotime(): It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'Asia/Chongqing' for 'CST/8.0/noDST' insteadin/web/vhosts/cacti/include/global_constants.php on line 168 PHP Warning: date(): It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'Asia/Chongqing' for 'CST/8.0/noDST' insteadin/web/vhosts/cacti/include/global_constants.php on line 168 PHP Warning: strtotime(): It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'Asia/Chongqing' for 'CST/8.0/noDST' insteadin/web/vhosts/cacti/include/global_constants.php on line 169 PHP Warning: date(): It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'Asia/Chongqing' for 'CST/8.0/noDST' insteadin/web/vhosts/cacti/include/global_constants.php on line 169 PHP Warning: strtotime(): It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'Asia/Chongqing' for 'CST/8.0/noDST' insteadin/web/vhosts/cacti/include/global_constants.php on line 170 PHP Warning: date(): It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'Asia/Chongqing' for 'CST/8.0/noDST' insteadin/web/vhosts/cacti/include/global_constants.php on line 170 PHP Warning: strtotime(): It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'Asia/Chongqing' for 'CST/8.0/noDST' insteadin/web/vhosts/cacti/include/global_constants.php on line 171 PHP Warning: date(): It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'Asia/Chongqing' for 'CST/8.0/noDST' insteadin/web/vhosts/cacti/include/global_constants.php on line 171 PHP Warning: strtotime(): It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'Asia/Chongqing' for 'CST/8.0/noDST' insteadin/web/vhosts/cacti/include/global_arrays.php on line 671 PHP Warning: date(): It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'Asia/Chongqing' for 'CST/8.0/noDST' insteadin/web/vhosts/cacti/include/global_arrays.php on line 671 PHP Warning: strtotime(): It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'Asia/Chongqing' for 'CST/8.0/noDST' insteadin/web/vhosts/cacti/include/global_arrays.php on line 672 PHP Warning: date(): It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'Asia/Chongqing' for 'CST/8.0/noDST' insteadin/web/vhosts/cacti/include/global_arrays.php on line 672 PHP Warning: strtotime(): It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'Asia/Chongqing' for 'CST/8.0/noDST' insteadin/web/vhosts/cacti/include/global_arrays.php on line 673 PHP Warning: date(): It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'Asia/Chongqing' for 'CST/8.0/noDST' insteadin/web/vhosts/cacti/include/global_arrays.php on line 673 PHP Warning: strtotime(): It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'Asia/Chongqing' for 'CST/8.0/noDST' insteadin/web/vhosts/cacti/include/global_arrays.php on line 674 PHP Warning: date(): It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'Asia/Chongqing' for 'CST/8.0/noDST' insteadin/web/vhosts/cacti/include/global_arrays.php on line 674 PHP Warning: strtotime(): It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'Asia/Chongqing' for 'CST/8.0/noDST' insteadin/web/vhosts/cacti/include/global_arrays.php on line 675 PHP Warning: date(): It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'Asia/Chongqing' for 'CST/8.0/noDST' insteadin/web/vhosts/cacti/include/global_arrays.php on line 675 PHP Warning: strtotime(): It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'Asia/Chongqing' for 'CST/8.0/noDST' insteadin/web/vhosts/cacti/include/global_arrays.php on line 676 PHP Warning: date(): It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'Asia/Chongqing' for 'CST/8.0/noDST' insteadin/web/vhosts/cacti/include/global_arrays.php on line 676 PHP Warning: strtotime(): It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'Asia/Chongqing' for 'CST/8.0/noDST' insteadin/web/vhosts/cacti/include/global_arrays.php on line 677 PHP Warning: date(): It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'Asia/Chongqing' for 'CST/8.0/noDST' insteadin/web/vhosts/cacti/include/global_arrays.php on line 677注，大家可以看到上面报了一大堆错，是什么错误哟？主要是因为我们php.ini的时区设置的不对，下面我们来修改一下php时区。
[root@cacti ~]# vim /etc/php.ini date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai [root@cacti ~]# service httpd restart 停止 httpd： [确定] 正在启动 httpd： [确定]注，接下来我们再来测试一下。
[cacti@cacti ~]$ /usr/bin/php /var/www/html/poller.php --force OK u:0.00 s:0.00 r:0.06 OK u:0.00 s:0.01 r:0.08 OK u:0.00 s:0.01 r:0.08 OK u:0.00 s:0.01 r:0.08 OK u:0.00 s:0.01 r:0.11 OK u:0.00 s:0.01 r:0.11 OK u:0.00 s:0.01 r:0.11 OK u:0.00 s:0.01 r:0.11 10/17/2013 11:30:11 AM - SYSTEM STATS: Time:0.2451 Method:spine Processes:3 Threads:5 Hosts:2 HostsPerProcess:1 DataSources:11 RRDsProcessed:86.安装spine多线程采集器
注，解压并编译安装sipne。
[root@cacti ~]# tar xf cacti-spine-0.8.8b.tar.gz [root@cacti ~]# cd cacti-spine-0.8.8b [root@cacti cacti-spine-0.8.8b]# ./configure [root@cacti cacti-spine-0.8.8b]# make && make install注，提供配置文件并根据需求修改。
[root@cacti cacti-spine-0.8.8b]# cd /usr/local/spine/etc/ [root@cacti etc]# cp spine.conf.dist spine.conf [root@cacti etc]# vim spine.conf DB_Host localhost DB_Database cacti DB_User cactiuser DB_Pass cactiuser DB_Port 3306 DB_PreG 0注，测试一下spine。
[root@cacti etc]# /usr/local/spine/bin/spine SPINE: Using spine config file [spine.conf] SPINE: Version 0.8.8b starting SPINE: Time: 1.3157 s, Threads: 5, Hosts: 2注，修改cacti里设置spine路径。
注，修改Cacti使用的Poller Type。
7.测试（监控Localhost）
注，点击“Devices”-> 大家可以看到默认已经有Localhost主机，我们把它删除重新新建一个默认主机。
注，大家可以看到我们勾选上“Locahost”主机，点击删除即可。
注，删除时会让你选择，上面是指只删除图形模板保留数据文件，下面是指删除全部包括图形模板与数据文件。我们这里选择下面选项，因为我们这是刚刚安装的没有什么数据。
注，到这里我们就删除默认主机了，下面我们新一个默认主机即监控cacti本身。
注，点击“Add”按钮，我们就可以增加主机了，下面是增加主机界面。我们输入相应的选项即可，一般只要输入下面几项：
General Host Options
SNMP Options
注，输入相关选项（如下图），点击“Create”按钮即可。
注，下面我们为cacti主机增加图形模板。点击右上脚的“Create Graphs for this Host”按钮。
注，因为我们默认安装cacti模板比较少，我们得后期增加模板才能符合我们线上的监控要求。我们先用默认模板增加，在下面的博文中我们会具体讲解怎么增加模板。
注，咱们选中我们要监控的选项，点击 ”Create“即可，如下图。
注，这边是图形模板颜色选项，我们用默认即可。点击”Create“
好了，到这里我们的cacti主机就增加完成了。为了我们查看图形方便，我们将cacti主机加入”Graph Trees“中查看。
注，点击 ”Graph Trees“ –> 点击”Default Tree“（当然你也可以增加新的图形树）。
注，进入默认的图形树，我们选择 ”Add“ 按钮，如下图。
注，在 ”Tree Item Type“ 中，我们选择 ”Host“，其它默认即可。点击 ”Create“。
注，到这里我们的图形树就增加完成了，我们点击 ”Save“ 即可。
注，下面我们查看一下 ”graphs“ 页面，大家可以看到显示的是 Default Tree 是里有台 cacti主机。图形要过一会才能出现，大家耐心等一下默认5分钟收集一下数据！
注，嘿嘿。再等一会，就可以看到图形了。下面是最终效果图，
三、Cacti 高级应用之Linux主机模板
1.查看一下默认主机模板
注，大家在图中可以看出默认主机模板只有几个，分别为：
Cisco Router
Generic SNMP-enabled Host
Karlnet Wireless Bridge
Local Linux Machine
Netware 4/5 Server
ucd/net SNMP Host
Windows 2000/XP Host
其中，没有我们需要的监控模板如，Linux 主机模板或Windows主机模板。 下面我们先来讲解怎么样增加Linux主机模板。首先，说明一下所有的模板可以到官方网站去下载：http://forums.cacti.net/viewforum.php?f=12&sid=fe2532345bf037678cb1e9fb07b40f16 ，我们这里已经下载好了，所以真使用。
2.增加Linux主机模板的具体过程
注，点击 ”Import Templates“ 页面。如下图，我们可以在这里导入我们下载到的模板，点击 ”浏览“。
注，选择我们要导入的模板，点击 ”import“ 即可。
注，下图显示是的模板的具体细节。包括图形模板与数据模板等。
注，到这里我们模板就导入完成了，下面我们来查看一下。
注，大家可以看到我们Linux Host模板已导入完成了。下面我们增加一个Linux主机测试一下！
3.监控Linux主机具体配置过程
注，点击 ”Devices“ 页面，-> ”Addr“ 来增加一台新主机。如下图，
注，填写相关参数，主要配置的参数有：
General Host Options
SNMP Options
具体参数如下图，
注，这里是填写的相关数据。如下图，这里选择的模板我们新增加的模板 ”Linux Host“。
注，点击右上脚的 ”Create Graphs for this Host“ 页面，我们为主机增加监控图形。
注，在这里我们选择我们要监控的相关图形。
注，在上图中的 ”Data Query [TCP]“ 时，我们发现在一个错误，我们下面便来解决一下这里错误。首先，我们来去看一下 ”Data Query“。如下图，
注，”Data Queries“ 是数据收集方法的一种，主要是xml脚本，来帮助我们收集数据。在图中我们可以看新增加的TCP收集方法，我们来点击一下 ”TCP“收集方法，看看里面的内容。如下图，
注，大家要图中可以看到有红色字体提醒我们说 TCP 收集方法的 XML 文件没有，从图中我们也可以看到 tcp.xml文件在安装目录下的resource目录中的script_server目录下，那下面我们就来增加一下tcp.xml文件吧。
注，将下载下来的tcp.xml脚本，上传到/var/www/html/resource/script_server下，我们点击 ”Save“。如下图，
注，好了到这里我们的Tcp.xml脚本就增加完成了，下面我们继续去增加图形。如下图，
注，从图中可以看出，我们 TCP 收集方法好低像还是有问题，现在不是显示错误，而是显示一段提示，我们来回具体看一下这些提示，This data query returned 0 rows, perhaps there was a problem executing this data query. You can run this data query in debug mode to get more information.（译文：这个数据的查询返回了0行，也许这是一个执行该查询数据的问题。你可以在调试模式下运行此查询来获取更多的信息。本人翻译能力有限，大概意思是没有查询到数据，让我们度一下调试模式查询更多信息。）那我们就点一下图中的蓝色字体进入调试模式。如下图，
注，咱们在调试模式中我们可以看到tcp.xml文档依赖于tcp.php程序，我们还得继续增加tcp.php程序到scripts下。如下图，
注，好了到这里我们的tcp.php脚本上传到/var/www/html/scripts中了，下机我们来简单看一下tcp.php文件。
[root@cacti ~]# [root@cacti ~]# cat /var/www/html/scripts/tcp.php <?php $no_http_headers = true; /* display No errors */ error_reporting(E_ERROR); include_once(dirname(__FILE__) . "/../include/global.php"); include_once(dirname(__FILE__) . "/../lib/snmp.php"); if (!isset($called_by_script_server)) { array_shift($_SERVER["argv"]); //print_r($_SERVER["argv"]); print call_user_func_array("TCP", $_SERVER["argv"]); } function TCP($hostname, $host_id, $cmd, $rien, $arg2="", $arg3="") { //print "xxx".$cmd; global $config; $filename = $config["base_path"].'/scripts/ports.inc'; $host_method=db_fetch_cell("SELECT availability_method FROM `host` where id='" . $host_id . "'"); if ($host_method == "3") { //ping enabled $val_limite=db_fetch_cell("SELECT ping_timeout FROM `host` where id='" . $host_id . "'"); } if ( ($host_method == "1") || ($host_method == "2") ) { //snmp enabled $val_limite=db_fetch_cell("SELECT snmp_timeout FROM `host` where id='" . $host_id . "'"); } $val_limite=floor($val_limite/1000); if ($val_limite == "0") { $val_limite = "1"; } if ($cmd == "query") { if (is_readable($filename)) { $lines = file ($filename); foreach ($lines as $line) { $v = explode("#",$line); $socket = @fsockopen(strtolower($hostname), trim($v[0]), $error_number, $error, (float) $val_limite); if ($socket) { print trim($v[0]). "!" . trim($v[0]) . "\n"; fclose ($socket); } } } } if ($cmd == "get") { $socket = @fsockopen(strtolower($hostname), $arg2, $error_number, $error, (float) $val_limite); if (!$socket) { print "0"; } else { print "1"; fclose ($socket); } } } ?>注，这是个简单的php程序，从上文中我们可以看出tcp.php文件还依赖一下文件ports.inc。我们再来看下ports.inc内容，首先将ports.inc上传到/var/www/html/scripts目录下。如下图，
注，下面我们来查看一下。
[root@cacti ~]# cat /var/www/html/scripts/ports.inc 80#HTTP 443#HTTP SSL 110#POP 995#POP SSL 25#SMTP 21#FTP 53#DNS 389#LDAP 23#Telnet 22#SSH 3306#MYSQL 143#IMAP 993#IMAP SSL 514#RSH 8003#NAV GW 1433#SQL Server 10000#Ipsec 8090#X-Ray 8080#Zope 5903#VNC 3389#Mstsc注，大家可以看到这个文件是常用服务的端口号。好了，到这里我们的Linux Host模板才真正的增加完成，下面我们来继续为Node2主机增加监控的主机图形。
注，大家从图中可以看到我们的 ”Data Query [TCP]“可以成功的监控到我们Node2上开户的22号端口。下面我们来选择我们要监控有图形，如下图：
注，我这里选择监控所有图形，因为这个模板是专门为Linux主机做的，所以显示出来的图形都是重要的。这里特别要说明的是源于网卡流量的问题，因为我这里测试的主机是CentOS 6.4 x86_64系统，所以这里的网卡流量类型应该选择 ”In/Out Bytes (64-bit Counters)“。若是32位系统应该选择 ”In/Out Bytes“。否则网卡流量监测会不准确，切记！
注，选择好图形后，点击 ”Create“ 即可。下图显示的是所有图形模板，继续点击 ”Create“。
注，为了查看方便我们将Node2主机增加到图形树中。增加图形树的过程我就不解释了，上面已经演示很多遍了。
注，我这里增加一个新的图形树 ”Remote Host“。如下图，
注，下面开始增加Node2主机。如下图，
注，增加完成Node2主机，点击 ”Create“ 即可。
注，下面我们来查看一下新的图形树，大家可以看到有两个图形树，一个上”Default Tree“，另一个是我们刚刚增加的图形树”Remote Host“。
注，大概过了五分钟左右我们就可以看到图形了。如下图，
注，最终效果图如下。
四、Cacti 高级应用之Windows主机模板
1.增加Windows主机监控模板具体过程
注，点击 “浏览”，选择Windows主机模板。
注，点击 ”Import“，导入模板。
注，查看一下导入的Windows主机模板。
注，查看一下”Data Queries“。
注，没有win32_procs.xml文件。
注，上传win32_procs.xml文件。
注，保存win32_procs.xml文件。
注，没有win_services.xml文件。
注，上传 win_services.xml 文件。
注，上传win_services.php脚本。
注，保存win_services.xml文件。
好了，到这里我们的Windows主机模板增加完成，下面我们增一个Windows 测试主机。
2.增加Windows测试主机
注，由于这台主机是线上的生产主机所以对IP做了处理，请大家谅解。（说明：咱们做测试的时候还得在Windows主机上安装SNMP协议，怎么安装我就不具体说明了，大家都应该会的，不会的博友 ，请google一下。）
、
3.将Windows主机增加到图形树中
4.最终效果图
好了，今天的博客就到这里吧，在下一篇博客中我们主要讲解Cacti的多CPU模板与自定义脚本监控。最后，希望大家有所收获^_^……