前言:
开发工具:IntelliJ IDEA 2020版 (Ultimate Edition)
框架:spring boot 、spring cloud
搭建一套spring cloud微服务系统,实现服务之间的调用。
需要搭建一个父工程springcloud-test,一个服务注册中心eureka-server,两个微服务cloud-client,cloud-provider。
两个微服务均注册到服务注册中心。
一.搭建父项目

2.

3.

(1)删掉src目录

(2)定义pom.xml文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>2.4.1</version> <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository --> </parent> <groupId>com.chen.test</groupId> <artifactId>springcloud-test</artifactId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>pom</packaging> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding> <java.version>1.8</java.version> </properties> </project>
二.搭建eureka-server注册中心
1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.
(1)定义pom.xml文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
   xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
 <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
 <!--引入父工程依赖-->
 <parent>
  <groupId>com.chen.test</groupId>
  <artifactId>springcloud-test</artifactId>
  <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
 </parent>
 <groupId>com.chen.test</groupId>
 <artifactId>eureka-server</artifactId>
 <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
 <packaging>jar</packaging>
 <name>eureka-server</name>
 <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
 <properties>
  <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
  <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
  <java.version>1.8</java.version>
  <spring-cloud.version>2020.0.0</spring-cloud.version>
 </properties>
 <dependencies>
  <dependency>
   <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
   <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
   <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
   <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
   <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
   <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
   <scope>test</scope>
  </dependency>
 </dependencies>
 <dependencyManagement>
  <dependencies>
   <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
    <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
    <type>pom</type>
    <scope>import</scope>
   </dependency>
  </dependencies>
 </dependencyManagement>
 <build>
  <plugins>
   <plugin>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
   </plugin>
  </plugins>
 </build>
 <repositories>
  <repository>
   <id>spring-milestones</id>
   <name>Spring Milestones</name>
   <url>https://repo.spring.io/milestone</url>
  </repository>
 </repositories>
</project>
(2)删掉test文件夹(自己设置,可有可无)
(3)启动加注解@EnableEurekaServer(开启eureka服务)
package com.chen.test.eurekaserver;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.server.EnableEurekaServer;
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaServer
public class EurekaServerApplication {
 public static void main(String[] args) {
  SpringApplication.run(EurekaServerApplication.class, args);
 }
}
(4)定义配置文件
配置文件改为application.yml(可有可无,看自己喜好)
server:
 port: 8080
spring:
 application:
 #应用名称(在注册中显示的)
 name: eureka-server
eureka:
 client:
 #此客户端是否获取eureka服务器注册表上的注册信息,默认为true
 fetch-registry: false
 #实例是否在eureka服务器上注册自己的信息以供其他服务发现,默认为true,即自己注册自己。
 register-with-eureka: true
 #与Eureka注册服务中心的通信zone和url地址
 serviceUrl:
  #http://localhost:8080/eureka/eureka
  defaultZone: http://${eureka.instance.hostname}:${server.port}/eureka
 #服务注册中心实例的主机名
 instance:
 hostname: 127.0.0.1
 prefer-ip-address: true
 instance-id: 127.0.0.1:8080
 server:
 #设为false,关闭自我保护,即Eureka server在云心光器件会去统计心跳失败比例在15分钟之内是否低于85%,如果低于85%,EurekaServer
 #会将这些事例保护起来,让这些事例不会过期,但是在保护器内如果刚哈这个服务提供者非正常下线了,此时服务消费者会拿到一个无效的服务
 #实例,此时调用会失败,对于这个问题需要服务消费者端有一些容错机制,如重试、断路器等;
 enable-self-preservation: false
 #扫描失效服务的间隔时间(单位是毫秒,摩恩是60*1000),即60s
 eviction-interval-timer-in-ms: 10000
(5)测试

三.搭建提供者服务
1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.
(1)定义pom.xml文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
   xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
 <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
 <!--引入父工程依赖-->
 <parent>
  <groupId>com.chen.test</groupId>
  <artifactId>springcloud-test</artifactId>
  <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
 </parent>
 
 <groupId>com.chen.test</groupId>
 <artifactId>cloud-provider</artifactId>
 <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
 <packaging>jar</packaging>
 <name>cloud-provider</name>
 <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
 <properties>
  <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
  <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
  <java.version>1.8</java.version>
  <spring-cloud.version>2020.0.0</spring-cloud.version>
 </properties>
 <dependencies>
  <dependency>
   <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
   <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
   <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
   <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
   <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
   <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
   <scope>test</scope>
  </dependency>
 </dependencies>
 <dependencyManagement>
  <dependencies>
   <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
    <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
    <type>pom</type>
    <scope>import</scope>
   </dependency>
  </dependencies>
 </dependencyManagement>
 <build>
  <plugins>
   <plugin>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
   </plugin>
  </plugins>
 </build>
 <repositories>
  <repository>
   <id>spring-milestones</id>
   <name>Spring Milestones</name>
   <url>https://repo.spring.io/milestone</url>
  </repository>
 </repositories>
</project>
(2)删除test文件加(可有可无)
(3)修改配置文件为application.yml(可有可无)
spring: application: name: cloud-provider server: port: 8081 eureka: client: #此客户端是否获取eureka服务器注册表上的注册信息,默认为true fetch-registry: false #实例是否在eureka服务器上注册自己的信息以供其他服务发现,默认为true,即自己注册自己。 register-with-eureka: true service-url: #defaultZone 这个是不会提示的,此处需要自己写 #实际上属性应该是service-url,这个属性是个map(key-value)格式;当key是defaultZone的时候才能被解析;所以这里没有提示, #但是自己还需要写一个defaultZone; defaultZone: http://localhost:8080/eureka #服务注册中心实例的主机名 instance: hostname: 127.0.0.1 prefer-ip-address: true instance-id: 127.0.0.1:8081
(4)启动类加注解@EnableEurekaClient
package com.chen.test.cloudprovider;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
public class CloudProviderApplication {
 public static void main(String[] args) {
  SpringApplication.run(CloudProviderApplication.class, args);
 }
}
(5)测试

四.搭建消费者服务
1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

(1)定义pom.xml文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
   xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
 <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
 <!--引入父工程依赖-->
 <parent>
  <groupId>com.chen.test</groupId>
  <artifactId>springcloud-test</artifactId>
  <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
 </parent>
 
 <groupId>com.chen.demo</groupId>
 <artifactId>cloud-client</artifactId>
 <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
 <packaging>jar</packaging>
 <name>cloud-client</name>
 <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
 <properties>
  <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
  <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
  <java.version>1.8</java.version>
  <spring-cloud.version>2020.0.0</spring-cloud.version>
 </properties>
 <dependencies>
  <dependency>
   <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
   <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
   <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
   <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
   <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
   <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
   <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
   <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
   <scope>test</scope>
  </dependency>
 </dependencies>
 <dependencyManagement>
  <dependencies>
   <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
    <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
    <type>pom</type>
    <scope>import</scope>
   </dependency>
  </dependencies>
 </dependencyManagement>
 <build>
  <plugins>
   <plugin>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
   </plugin>
  </plugins>
 </build>
 <repositories>
  <repository>
   <id>spring-milestones</id>
   <name>Spring Milestones</name>
   <url>https://repo.spring.io/milestone</url>
  </repository>
 </repositories>
</project>
(2)删除test文件夹(可有可无)
(3)修改配置文件为application.yml(可有可无)
server: #定义端口号 port: 8082 spring: application: #定义应用名称,即服务名称 name: cloud-client eureka: client: service-url: defaultZone: http://localhost:8080/eureka #服务注册中心实例的主机名 instance: hostname: 127.0.0.1 prefer-ip-address: true instance-id: 127.0.0.1:8082
(4)启动类加注解@EnableEurekaClient
package com.chen.demo.cloudclient;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
public class CloudClientApplication {
 public static void main(String[] args) {
  SpringApplication.run(CloudClientApplication.class, args);
 }
}
(5)测试

(6)在父pom中加上
<modules> <module>eureka-server</module> <module>cloud-provider</module> <module>cloud-client</module> </modules>

五.实现服务之间的调用
1.在cloud-provider中创建controller包和service包
package com.chen.test.cloudprovider.controller;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import com.chen.test.cloudprovider.service.HelloService;
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/hello")
public class HelloController {
 @Autowired
 private HelloService helloService;
 @GetMapping("/getHello")
 public String getHello(){
  return helloService.getHello();
 }
}
package com.chen.test.cloudprovider.service;
public interface HelloService {
 String getHello();
}
package com.chen.test.cloudprovider.service.impl;
import com.chen.test.cloudprovider.service.HelloService;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
@Service
public class HelloServiceImpl implements HelloService {
 @Override
 public String getHello() {
  return "你好兄弟";
 }
}
(2)测试

(3)在cloud-client中创建controller包和service包
package com.chen.demo.cloudclient.controller;
import com.chen.demo.cloudclient.service.HelloService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/Hello")
public class HelloClient {
 @Autowired
 private HelloService helloService;
 @GetMapping("/getClient")
 public String getClient(){
  return helloService.getProduct();
 }
}
package com.chen.demo.cloudclient.service;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
//name 为product项目中application.yml配置文件中的application.name;
//path 为product项目中application.yml配置文件中的context.path;
@FeignClient(name = "cloud-provider",path ="/hello" )
//@Componet注解最好加上,不加idea会显示有错误,但是不影响系统运行;
@Component
public interface HelloService {
 @RequestMapping(value = "getHello")
 String getProduct();
}
特别注意
在启动类加上注解@EnableFeignClients
package com.chen.demo.cloudclient;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.EnableFeignClients;
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
@EnableFeignClients
public class CloudClientApplication {
 public static void main(String[] args) {
  SpringApplication.run(CloudClientApplication.class, args);
 }
}
(4)测试

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