一篇就够,会使用Redis分布式锁,知道其实现原理 一、使用 1、pom.xml导入依赖 dependency groupIdorg.springframework.boot / groupId artifactIdspring-boot-starter-integration / artifactId / dependency dependency group
一、使用
1、pom.xml导入依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-integration</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.integration</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-integration-redis</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
</dependency>
2、配置文件
@Configuration
public class RedissonConfig {
// 自定义在yml或properties文件中
@Value("${spring.redis.host}")
private String host;
@Value("${spring.redis.port}")
private String port;
@Value("${spring.redis.password}")
private String password;
@Bean
public RedissonClient getRedisson() {
Config config = new Config();
if (StringUtils.isBlank(password)) {
config.useSingleServer().setAddress("redis://" + host + ":" + port);
} else {
config.useSingleServer().setAddress("redis://" + host + ":" + port).setPassword(password);
}
return Redisson.create(config);
}
}
3、使用类
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.integration.redis.util.RedisLockRegistry;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock;
/**
* @author Forlan
* @since 2022-04-03
*/
public class ForlanTest {
private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ForlanTest.class);
@Autowired
private RedisLockRegistry redisLockRegistry;
public void test() {
String lockKey = "key_id";
Lock loginLock = redisLockRegistry.obtain(lockKey.intern());
boolean getLock = false;
try {
// tryLock()底层调用this.tryLock(0L, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)
getLock = loginLock.tryLock(5, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
if (getLock) {
//获得锁执行业务
}
} catch (Exception e) {
logger.error("异常信息...", e);
} finally {
if (getLock) {
//释放锁
loginLock.unlock();
}
}
}
}
二、原理
obtain方法
private final Map<String, RedisLockRegistry.RedisLock> locks;
private final class RedisLock implements Lock {
private final String lockKey;
private final ReentrantLock localLock;
private volatile long lockedAt;
private RedisLock(String path) {
this.localLock = new ReentrantLock();
this.lockKey = this.constructLockKey(path);
}
}
public Lock obtain(Object lockKey) {
Assert.isInstanceOf(String.class, lockKey);
String path = (String)lockKey;
return (Lock)this.locks.computeIfAbsent(path, (x$0) -> {
return new RedisLockRegistry.RedisLock(x$0);
});
}
主要是根据lockKey去查locks这个map中是否已经存在这个key
如果存在就返回内部类RedisLock
如果不存在就创建一个RedisLock,以lockKey为key,RedisLock为value放入map中
备注:每个分布式应用自己都会创建一个RedisLockRegistry实例,同一个应用的多个线程共享RedisLock类
tryLock方法public boolean tryLock(long time, TimeUnit unit) throws InterruptedException {
long now = System.currentTimeMillis();
// 尝试拿取本地锁
if (!this.localLock.tryLock(time, unit)) {
return false;
} else {
try {
long expire = now + TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.convert(time, unit);
boolean acquired;
// 当前时间还没过期并且还未获得redis锁,睡眠100ms继续重试
while(!(acquired = this.obtainLock()) && System.currentTimeMillis() < expire) {
Thread.sleep(100L);
}
if (!acquired) {
this.localLock.unlock();
}
return acquired;
} catch (Exception var9) {
this.localLock.unlock();
this.rethrowAsLockException(var9);
return false;
}
}
}
主要过程
先获得本地锁,拿不到直接返回失败
当前时间还没过期并且还没拿到redis锁,睡眠100ms继续重试
如果拿到redis锁,结束循环,返回成功
如果超时了还没拿到,释放锁,返回失败
拿redis锁的过程private boolean obtainLock() {
boolean success = (Boolean)RedisLockRegistry.this.redisTemplate.execute(RedisLockRegistry.this.obtainLockScript, Collections.singletonList(this.lockKey), new Object[]{RedisLockRegistry.this.clientId, String.valueOf(RedisLockRegistry.this.expireAfter)});
if (success) {
this.lockedAt = System.currentTimeMillis();
}
return success;
}
通过obtainLock方法,执行lua脚本来获取
redisTemplate.execute()参数说明:
第一个obtainLockScript参数就是要执行的lua脚本;
local lockClientId = redis.call('GET', KEYS[1])
if lockClientId == ARGV[1] then
redis.call('PEXPIRE', KEYS[1], ARGV[2])
return true
elseif not lockClientId then
redis.call('SET', KEYS[1], ARGV[1], 'PX', ARGV[2])
return true
end
return false
第二个参数就是表示在脚本中所用到的那些 Redis 键(key),这些键名参数可以在 Lua 中通过全局变量 KEYS 数组,用1为基址的形式访问( KEYS[1] , KEYS[2] ,以此类推);
第三个参是附加参数 arg [arg …] ,可以在 Lua 中通过全局变量 ARGV 数组访问,访问的形式和 KEYS 变量类似( ARGV[1] 、 ARGV[2] ,诸如此类)
为什么要用本地锁- 为了可重入
- 为了减轻redis服务器的压力
- 保证原子性
- 减少网络开销
- 替代redis的事务功能
public void unlock() {
if (!this.localLock.isHeldByCurrentThread()) {
throw new IllegalStateException("You do not own lock at " + this.lockKey);
} else if (this.localLock.getHoldCount() > 1) {
this.localLock.unlock();
} else {
try {
if (Thread.currentThread().isInterrupted()) {
RedisLockRegistry.this.executor.execute(this::removeLockKey);
} else {
this.removeLockKey();
}
if (RedisLockRegistry.logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
RedisLockRegistry.logger.debug("Released lock; " + this);
}
} catch (Exception var5) {
ReflectionUtils.rethrowRuntimeException(var5);
} finally {
this.localLock.unlock();
}
}
}
释放锁的过程
1、判断是否是当前线程持有锁,如果不是,抛异常(本地锁)
2、判断当前线程持有锁的计数
如果当前线程持有锁的计数 > 1,说明本地锁被当前线程多次获取,这时只会释放本地锁,释放之后当前线程持有锁的计数-1。
否则,释放本地锁和redis锁。