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2.还不会部署高可用的kubernetes集群?看我手把手教你使用二进制部署v1.23.6的K8S集

来源：互联网收集：自由互联发布时间：2022-05-30

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0x02 安装部署
6.Kubernetes 集群安装部署

二进制软件包下载安装（手动-此处以该实践为例）
部署配置 kube-apiserver
部署配置 kubectl
部署配置 kube-controller-manager
部署配置 kube-scheduler
部署配置 kubelet
部署配置 kube-proxy
部署配置 Calico 插件
部署配置 CoreDNS 插件

0x03 应用部署测试

部署Nginx Web服务
部署K8s原生Dashboard UI
部署K9s工具进行管理集群

0x04 入坑出坑

二进制搭建K8S集群部署calico网络插件始终有一个calico-node-xxx状态为Running但是READY为0/1解决方法
二进制部署 containerd 1.6.3 将用于环回的 CNI 配置版本提高到 1.0.0 导致 CNI loopback 无法启用
在集群中部署coredns时显示 CrashLoopBackOff 并且报 Readiness probe failed 8181 端口 connection refused
在进行授予管理员权限时利用 Token 登陆 kubernetes-dashboard 认证时始终报 Unauthorized (401): Invalid credentials provided

温馨提示: 由于实践篇幅太长，此处分为上下两节进行发布，此处为下节，如果上一节请看前一篇文章【https://www.bilibili.com/read/cv16625253】。

温馨提示: 上述环境所使用的到相关软件及插件我已打包, 方便大家进行下载，可访问如下链接（访问密码请访问 WeiyiGeek 公众号回复【k8s二进制】获取）。

下载地址1: http://share.weiyigeek.top/f/36158960-578443238-a1a5fa （访问密码：点击访问 WeiyiGeek 公众号回复【k8s二进制】）谢谢，大家支持！
下载地址2: https://download.csdn.net/download/u013072756/85360801

6.Kubernetes 集群安装部署 1) 二进制软件包下载安装（手动-此处以该实践为例）

步骤 01.【master-225】手动从k8s.io下载Kubernetes软件包并解压安装, 当前最新版本为 v1.23.6 。

# 如果下载较慢请使用某雷
wget -L
https://dl.k8s.io/v1.23.6/kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz

# 解压
/app/k8s-init-work/tools# tar -zxf kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz

# 安装二进制文件到 /usr/local/bin
/app/k8s-init-work/tools/kubernetes/server/bin# ls
  # apiextensions-apiserver  kube-apiserver.docker_tag           kube-controller-manager.tar  kube-log-runner        kube-scheduler
  # kubeadm                  kube-apiserver.tar                  kubectl                      kube-proxy             kube-scheduler.docker_tag
  # kube-aggregator          kube-controller-manager             kubectl-convert              kube-proxy.docker_tag  kube-scheduler.tar
  # kube-apiserver           kube-controller-manager.docker_tag  kubelet                      kube-proxy.tar         mounter

cp kube-apiserver kube-controller-manager kube-scheduler kube-proxy kubelet kubeadm  kubectl /usr/local/bin

# 验证安装
kubectl version
  # Client Version: version.Info{Major:"1", Minor:"23", GitVersion:"v1.23.6", GitCommit:"ad3338546da947756e8a88aa6822e9c11e7eac22", GitTreeState:"clean", BuildDate:"2022-04-14T08:49:13Z", GoVersion:"go1.17.9", Compiler:"gc", Platform:"linux/amd64"}

步骤 02.【master-225】利用scp将kubernetes相关软件包分发到其它机器中。

scp -P 20211 kube-apiserver kube-controller-manager kube-scheduler kube-proxy kubelet kubeadm kubectl weiyigeek@master-223:/tmp
scp -P 20211 kube-apiserver kube-controller-manager kube-scheduler kube-proxy kubelet kubeadm kubectl weiyigeek@master-224:/tmp
scp -P 20211 kube-apiserver kube-controller-manager kube-scheduler kube-proxy kubelet kubeadm kubectl weiyigeek@node-1:/tmp
scp -P 20211 kube-apiserver kube-controller-manager kube-scheduler kube-proxy kubelet kubeadm kubectl weiyigeek@node-2:/tmp

# 复制如下到指定bin目录中(注意node节点只需要  kube-proxy kubelet 、kubeadm 在此处可选)
cp kube-apiserver kube-controller-manager kube-scheduler kube-proxy kubelet kubeadm kubectl /usr/local/bin/

步骤 03.【所有节点】在集群所有节点上创建准备如下目录

mkdir -vp /etc/kubernetes/{manifests,pki,ssl,cfg} /var/log/kubernetes /var/lib/kubelet

2) 部署配置 kube-apiserver

描述: 它是集群所有服务请求访问的入口点, 通过 API 接口操作集群中的资源。

步骤 01.【master-225】创建apiserver证书请求文件并使用上一章生成的CA签发证书。

# 创建证书申请文件，注意下述文件hosts字段中IP为所有Master/LB/VIP IP,为了方便后期扩容可以多写几个预留的IP。
# 同时还需要填写 service 网络的首个IP(一般是 kube-apiserver 指定的 service-cluster-ip-range 网段的第一个IP，如 10.96.0.1)。
tee apiserver-csr.json <<'EOF'
{
  "CN": "kubernetes",
  "hosts": [
    "127.0.0.1",
    "10.10.107.223",
    "10.10.107.224",
    "10.10.107.225",
    "10.10.107.222",
    "10.96.0.1",
    "weiyigeek.cluster.k8s",
    "master-223",
    "master-224",
    "master-225",
    "kubernetes",
    "kubernetes.default.svc",
    "kubernetes.default.svc.cluster",
    "kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local"
  ],
  "key": {
    "algo": "rsa",
    "size": 2048
  },
  "names": [
    {
      "C": "CN",
      "L": "ChongQing",
      "ST": "ChongQing",
      "O": "k8s",
      "OU": "System"
    }
  ]
}
EOF

# 使用自签CA签发 kube-apiserver HTTPS证书
cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes apiserver-csr.json | cfssljson -bare apiserver

$ ls apiserver*
apiserver.csr  apiserver-csr.json  apiserver-key.pem  apiserver.pem

# 复制到自定义目录
cp *.pem /etc/kubernetes/ssl/

步骤 02.【master-225】创建TLS机制所需TOKEN

cat > /etc/kubernetes/bootstrap-token.csv << EOF
$(head -c 16 /dev/urandom | od -An -t x | tr -d ' '),kubelet-bootstrap,10001,"system:bootstrappers"
EOF

温馨提示: 启用 TLS Bootstrapping 机制Node节点kubelet和kube-proxy要与kube-apiserver进行通信，必须使用CA签发的有效证书才可以，当Node节点很多时，这种客户端证书颁发需要大量工作，同样也会增加集群扩展复杂度。
为了简化流程，Kubernetes引入了TLS bootstraping机制来自动颁发客户端证书，kubelet会以一个低权限用户自动向apiserver申请证书，kubelet的证书由apiserver动态签署。所以强烈建议在Node上使用这种方式，目前主要用于kubelet，kube-proxy还是由我们统一颁发一个证书。

步骤 03.【master-225】创建 kube-apiserver 配置文件

cat > /etc/kubernetes/cfg/kube-apiserver.conf <<'EOF'
KUBE_APISERVER_OPTS="--apiserver-count=3 \
--advertise-address=10.10.107.225 \
--allow-privileged=true \
--authorization-mode=RBAC,Node \
--bind-address=0.0.0.0 \
--enable-aggregator-routing=true \
--enable-admission-plugins=NamespaceLifecycle,NodeRestriction,LimitRanger,ServiceAccount,DefaultStorageClass,ResourceQuota \
--enable-bootstrap-token-auth=true \
--token-auth-file=/etc/kubernetes/bootstrap-token.csv \
--secure-port=6443 \
--service-node-port-range=30000-32767 \
--service-cluster-ip-range=10.96.0.0/16 \
--client-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
--tls-cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/apiserver.pem  \
--tls-private-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/apiserver-key.pem \
--kubelet-client-certificate=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/apiserver.pem \
--kubelet-client-key=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/apiserver-key.pem \
--kubelet-preferred-address-types=InternalIP,ExternalIP,Hostname \
--etcd-cafile=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
--etcd-certfile=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/etcd.pem \
--etcd-keyfile=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/etcd-key.pem \
--etcd-servers=https://10.10.107.225:2379,https://10.10.107.224:2379,https://10.10.107.223:2379 \
--service-account-issuer=https://kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local \
--service-account-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \
--service-account-signing-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \
--proxy-client-cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/apiserver.pem \
--proxy-client-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/apiserver-key.pem \
--requestheader-allowed-names=kubernetes \
--requestheader-extra-headers-prefix=X-Remote-Extra- \
--requestheader-group-headers=X-Remote-Group \
--requestheader-username-headers=X-Remote-User \
--requestheader-client-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
--v=2 \
--event-ttl=1h \
--feature-gates=TTLAfterFinished=true \
--logtostderr=false \
--log-dir=/var/log/kubernetes"
EOF

# 审计日志可选
# --audit-log-maxage=30
# --audit-log-maxbackup=3
# --audit-log-maxsize=100
# --audit-log-path=/var/log/kubernetes/kube-apiserver.log"

# –logtostderr：启用日志
# —v：日志等级
# –log-dir：日志目录
# –etcd-servers：etcd集群地址
# –bind-address：监听地址
# –secure-port：https安全端口
# –advertise-address：集群通告地址
# –allow-privileged：启用授权
# –service-cluster-ip-range：Service虚拟IP地址段
# –enable-admission-plugins：准入控制模块
# –authorization-mode：认证授权，启用RBAC授权和节点自管理
# –enable-bootstrap-token-auth：启用TLS bootstrap机制
# –token-auth-file：bootstrap token文件
# –service-node-port-range：Service nodeport类型默认分配端口范围
# –kubelet-client-xxx：apiserver访问kubelet客户端证书
# –tls-xxx-file：apiserver https证书
# –etcd-xxxfile：连接Etcd集群证书
# –audit-log-xxx：审计日志

# 温馨提示: 在 1.23.* 版本之后请勿使用如下参数。
Flag --enable-swagger-ui has been deprecated,
Flag --insecure-port has been deprecated,
Flag --alsologtostderr has been deprecated,
Flag --logtostderr has been deprecated, will be removed in a future release,
Flag --log-dir has been deprecated, will be removed in a future release,
Flag -- TTLAfterFinished=true. It will be removed in a future release. (还可使用)

步骤 04.【master-225】创建kube-apiserver服务管理配置文件

cat > /lib/systemd/system/kube-apiserver.service << "EOF"
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes API Server
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
After=etcd.service
Wants=etcd.service

[Service]
EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/cfg/kube-apiserver.conf
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/kube-apiserver $KUBE_APISERVER_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=5
Type=notify
LimitNOFILE=65536
LimitNPROC=65535

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

步骤 05.将上述创建生成的文件目录同步到集群的其它master节点上.

# master - 225  /etc/kubernetes/ 目录结构
tree /etc/kubernetes/
/etc/kubernetes/
├── bootstrap-token.csv
├── cfg
│   └── kube-apiserver.conf
├── manifests
├── pki
└── ssl
    ├── apiserver-key.pem
    ├── apiserver.pem
    ├── ca-key.pem
    ├── ca.pem
    ├── etcd-key.pem
    └── etcd.pem

# 证书及kube-apiserver.conf配置文件
scp -P 20211 -R /etc/kubernetes/ weiyigeek@master-223:/tmp
scp -P 20211 -R /etc/kubernetes/ weiyigeek@master-224:/tmp

# kube-apiserver 服务管理配置文件
scp -P 20211 /lib/systemd/system/kube-apiserver.service weiyigeek@master-223:/tmp
scp -P 20211 /lib/systemd/system/kube-apiserver.service weiyigeek@master-224:/tmp

# 【master-223】 【master-224】 执行如下命令将上传到/tmp相关文件放入指定目录中
cd /tmp/ && cp -r /tmp/kubernetes/ /etc/
mv kube-apiserver.service /lib/systemd/system/kube-apiserver.service
mv kube-apiserver kubectl  kube-proxy  kube-scheduler kubeadm  kube-controller-manager  kubelet /usr/local/bin

步骤 06.分别修改 /etc/kubernetes/cfg/kube-apiserver.conf 文件中 --advertise-address=10.10.107.225

# 【master-223】
sed -i 's#--advertise-address=10.10.107.225#--advertise-address=10.10.107.223#g' /etc/kubernetes/cfg/kube-apiserver.conf
# 【master-224】
sed -i 's#--advertise-address=10.10.107.225#--advertise-address=10.10.107.224#g' /etc/kubernetes/cfg/kube-apiserver.conf

WeiyiGeek.kube-apiserver.conf

步骤 07.【master节点】完成上述操作后分别在三台master节点上启动apiserver服务。

# 重载systemd与自启设置
systemctl daemon-reload 
systemctl enable --now kube-apiserver
systemctl status kube-apiserver

# 测试api-server
curl --insecure https://10.10.107.222:16443/
curl --insecure https://10.10.107.223:6443/
curl --insecure https://10.10.107.224:6443/
curl --insecure https://10.10.107.225:6443/

# 测试结果
{
  "kind": "Status",
  "apiVersion": "v1",
  "metadata": {},
  "status": "Failure",
  "message": "forbidden: User \"system:anonymous\" cannot get path \"/\"",
  "reason": "Forbidden",
  "details": {},
  "code": 403
}

WeiyiGeek.三台master节点apiserver服务状态

至此完毕!

3) 部署配置 kubectl

描述: 它是集群管理客户端工具,与 API-Server 服务请求交互, 实现资源的查看与管理。

步骤 01.【master-225】创建kubectl证书请求文件CSR并生成证书

tee admin-csr.json <<'EOF'
{
  "CN": "admin",
  "hosts": [],
  "key": {
    "algo": "rsa",
    "size": 2048
  },
  "names": [
    {
      "C": "CN",
      "L": "ChongQing",
      "ST": "ChongQing",
      "O": "system:masters",
      "OU": "System"
    }
  ]
}
EOF

# 证书文件生成
cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes admin-csr.json | cfssljson -bare admin

# 复制证书相关文件到指定目录
ls admin*
  # admin.csr  admin-csr.json  admin-key.pem  admin.pem
cp admin*.pem /etc/kubernetes/ssl/

步骤 02.【master-225】生成kubeconfig配置文件 admin.conf 为 kubectl 的配置文件，包含访问 apiserver 的所有信息，如 apiserver 地址、CA 证书和自身使用的证书

cd /etc/kubernetes 

# 配置集群信息
# 此处也可以采用域名的形式 (https://weiyigeek.cluster.k8s:16443 )
kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes --certificate-authority=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem --embed-certs=true --server=https://10.10.107.222:16443 --kubeconfig=admin.conf
  # Cluster "kubernetes" set.

# 配置集群认证用户
kubectl config set-credentials admin --client-certificate=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/admin.pem --client-key=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/admin-key.pem --embed-certs=true --kubeconfig=admin.conf
  # User "admin" set.

# 配置上下文
kubectl config set-context kubernetes --cluster=kubernetes --user=admin --kubeconfig=admin.conf
  # Context "kubernetes" created.

# 使用上下文
kubectl config use-context kubernetes --kubeconfig=admin.conf
  # Context "kubernetes" created.

步骤 03.【master-225】准备kubectl配置文件并进行角色绑定。

mkdir /root/.kube && cp /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf ~/.kube/config
kubectl create clusterrolebinding kube-apiserver:kubelet-apis --clusterrole=system:kubelet-api-admin --user kubernetes --kubeconfig=/root/.kube/config
  # clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/kube-apiserver:kubelet-apis created

# 该 config 的内容
$ cat /root/.kube/config
apiVersion: v1
clusters:
- cluster:
    certificate-authority-data: base64(CA证书)
    server: https://10.10.107.222:16443
  name: kubernetes
contexts:
- context:
    cluster: kubernetes
    user: admin
  name: kubernetes
current-context: kubernetes
kind: Config
preferences: {}
users:
- name: admin
  user:
    client-certificate-data: base64(用户证书)
    client-key-data: base64(用户证书KEY)

步骤 04.【master-225】查看集群状态

export KUBECONFIG=$HOME/.kube/config

# 查看集群信息
kubectl cluster-info
  # Kubernetes control plane is running at https://10.10.107.222:16443
  # To further debug and diagnose cluster problems, use 'kubectl cluster-info dump'.

# 查看集群组件状态
kubectl get componentstatuses
  # NAME                 STATUS      MESSAGE                                                                                        ERROR
  # controller-manager   Unhealthy   Get "https://127.0.0.1:10257/healthz": dial tcp 127.0.0.1:10257: connect: connection refused
  # scheduler            Unhealthy   Get "https://127.0.0.1:10259/healthz": dial tcp 127.0.0.1:10259: connect: connection refused
  # etcd-0               Healthy     {"health":"true","reason":""}
  # etcd-1               Healthy     {"health":"true","reason":""}
  # etcd-2               Healthy     {"health":"true","reason":""}

# 查看命名空间以及所有名称中资源对象
kubectl get all --all-namespaces
  # NAMESPACE   NAME                 TYPE        CLUSTER-IP   EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)   AGE
  # default     service/kubernetes   ClusterIP   10.96.0.1    <none>        443/TCP   8h
kubectl get ns
  # NAME              STATUS   AGE
  # default           Active   8h
  # kube-node-lease   Active   8h
  # kube-public       Active   8h
  # kube-system       Active   8h

温馨提示: 由于我们还未进行 controller-manager 与 scheduler 部署所以此时其状态为 Unhealthy。

步骤 05.【master-225】同步kubectl配置文件到集群其它master节点

ssh -p 20211 weiyigeek@master-223 'mkdir ~/.kube/'
ssh -p 20211 weiyigeek@master-224 'mkdir ~/.kube/'

scp -P 20211 $HOME/.kube/config weiyigeek@master-223:~/.kube/
scp -P 20211 $HOME/.kube/config weiyigeek@master-224:~/.kube/

# 【master-223】
weiyigeek@master-223:~$ kubectl get services
  # NAME         TYPE        CLUSTER-IP   EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)   AGE
  # kubernetes   ClusterIP   10.96.0.1    <none>        443/TCP   8h

步骤 06.配置 kubectl 命令补全 (建议新手勿用，等待后期熟悉相关命令后使用)

# 安装补全工具
apt install -y bash-completion
source /usr/share/bash-completion/bash_completion

# 方式1
source <(kubectl completion bash)

# 方式2
kubectl completion bash > ~/.kube/completion.bash.inc
source ~/.kube/completion.bash.inc

# 自动
tee $HOME/.bash_profile <<'EOF'
# source <(kubectl completion bash)
source ~/.kube/completion.bash.inc
EOF

至此 kubectl 集群客户端配置完毕.

4) 部署配置 kube-controller-manager

描述: 它是集群中的控制器组件，其内部包含多个控制器资源, 实现对象的自动化控制中心。

步骤 01.【master-225】创建 kube-controller-manager 证书请求文件CSR并生成证书

tee controller-manager-csr.json <<'EOF'
{
  "CN": "system:kube-controller-manager",
  "hosts": [
    "127.0.0.1",
    "10.10.107.223",
    "10.10.107.224",
    "10.10.107.225"
  ],
  "key": {
    "algo": "rsa",
    "size": 2048
  },
  "names": [
    {
      "C": "CN",
      "L": "ChongQing",
      "ST": "ChongQing",
      "O": "system:kube-controller-manager",
      "OU": "System"
    }
  ]
}
EOF

# 说明：
* hosts 列表包含所有 kube-controller-manager 节点 IP；
* CN 为 system:kube-controller-manager;
* O 为 system:kube-controller-manager，kubernetes 内置的 ClusterRoleBindings system:kube-controller-manager 赋予 kube-controller-manager 工作所需的权限

# 利用 CA 颁发 kube-controller-manager 证书文件
cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes controller-manager-csr.json | cfssljson -bare controller-manager

$ ls controller*
controller-manager.csr  controller-manager-csr.json  controller-manager-key.pem  controller-manager.pem

# 复制证书
cp controller* /etc/kubernetes/ssl

步骤 02.创建 kube-controller-manager 的 controller-manager.conf 配置文件.

cd /etc/kubernetes/

# 设置集群 也可采用 (https://weiyigeek.cluster.k8s:16443 ) 域名形式。
kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes --certificate-authority=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem --embed-certs=true --server=https://10.10.107.222:16443 --kubeconfig=controller-manager.conf

# 设置认证
kubectl config set-credentials system:kube-controller-manager --client-certificate=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/controller-manager.pem --client-key=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/controller-manager-key.pem --embed-certs=true --kubeconfig=controller-manager.conf

# 设置上下文
kubectl config set-context system:kube-controller-manager --cluster=kubernetes --user=system:kube-controller-manager --kubeconfig=controller-manager.conf

# 且换上下文
kubectl config use-context system:kube-controller-manager --kubeconfig=controller-manager.conf

步骤 03.准备创建 kube-controller-manager 配置文件。

cat > /etc/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager.conf << "EOF"
KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_OPTS="--allocate-node-cidrs=true \
--bind-address=127.0.0.1 \
--secure-port=10257 \
--authentication-kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/controller-manager.conf \
--authorization-kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/controller-manager.conf \
--cluster-name=kubernetes \
--client-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
--cluster-signing-cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
--cluster-signing-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \
--controllers=*,bootstrapsigner,tokencleaner \
--cluster-cidr=10.128.0.0/16 \
--service-cluster-ip-range=10.96.0.0/16 \
--use-service-account-credentials=true \
--root-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
--service-account-private-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \
--tls-cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/controller-manager.pem \
--tls-private-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/controller-manager-key.pem \
--leader-elect=true \
--cluster-signing-duration=87600h \
--v=2 \
--logtostderr=false \
--log-dir=/var/log/kubernetes \
--kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/controller-manager.conf
EOF

# 温馨提示:
Flag --logtostderr has been deprecated, will be removed in a future release,
Flag --log-dir has been deprecated, will be removed in a future release
--requestheader-client-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/front-proxy-ca.crt

步骤 04.创建 kube-controller-manager 服务启动文件

cat > /lib/systemd/system/kube-controller-manager.service << "EOF"
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Controller Manager
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes

[Service]
EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager.conf
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/kube-controller-manager $KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=5

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

步骤 05.【master-225】同样分发上述文件到其它master节点中。

# controller-manager 证书 及 kube-controller-manager.conf 配置文件、kube-controller-manager.service 服务管理配置文件
scp -P 20211 /etc/kubernetes/ssl/controller-manager.pem /etc/kubernetes/ssl/controller-manager-key.pem /etc/kubernetes/controller-manager.conf /etc/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager.conf /lib/systemd/system/kube-controller-manager.service weiyigeek@master-223:/tmp
scp -P 20211 /etc/kubernetes/ssl/controller-manager.pem /etc/kubernetes/ssl/controller-manager-key.pem /etc/kubernetes/controller-manager.conf /etc/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager.conf /lib/systemd/system/kube-controller-manager.service weiyigeek@master-224:/tmp

# 【master-223】 【master-224】 执行如下命令将上传到/tmp相关文件放入指定目录中
mv controller-manager*.pem /etc/kubernetes/ssl/
mv controller-manager.conf /etc/kubernetes/controller-manager.conf
mv kube-controller-manager.conf /etc/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager.conf
mv kube-controller-manager.service /lib/systemd/system/kube-controller-manager.service

步骤 06.重载 systemd 以及自动启用 kube-controller-manager 服务。

systemctl daemon-reload 
systemctl enable --now kube-controller-manager
systemctl status kube-controller-manager

步骤 07.启动运行 kube-controller-manager 服务后查看集群组件状态, 发现原本 controller-manager 是 Unhealthy 的状态已经变成了 Healthy 状态。

kubectl get componentstatu
  # NAME                 STATUS      MESSAGE                                                                                        ERROR
  # scheduler            Unhealthy   Get "https://127.0.0.1:10259/healthz": dial tcp 127.0.0.1:10259: connect: connection refused
  # controller-manager   Healthy     ok
  # etcd-2               Healthy     {"health":"true","reason":""}
  # etcd-0               Healthy     {"health":"true","reason":""}
  # etcd-1               Healthy     {"health":"true","reason":""}

至此 kube-controller-manager 服务的安装、配置完毕！

5) 部署配置 kube-scheduler

描述: 在集群中kube-scheduler调度器组件, 负责任务调度选择合适的节点进行分配任务.

步骤 01.【master-225】创建 kube-scheduler 证书请求文件CSR并生成证书

tee scheduler-csr.json <<'EOF'
{
  "CN": "system:kube-scheduler",
  "hosts": [
    "127.0.0.1",
    "10.10.107.223",
    "10.10.107.224",
    "10.10.107.225"
  ],
  "key": {
    "algo": "rsa",
    "size": 2048
  },
  "names": [
    {
      "C": "CN",
      "L": "ChongQing",
      "ST": "ChongQing",
      "O": "system:kube-scheduler",
      "OU": "System"
    }
  ]
}
EOF

# 利用 CA 颁发 kube-scheduler 证书文件
cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes scheduler-csr.json | cfssljson -bare scheduler

$ ls scheduler*
scheduler-csr.json scheduler.csr  scheduler-key.pem  scheduler.pem

# 复制证书
cp scheduler*.pem /etc/kubernetes/ssl

步骤 02.完成后我们需要创建 kube-scheduler 的 kubeconfig 配置文件。

cd /etc/kubernetes/

# 设置集群 也可采用 (https://weiyigeek.cluster.k8s:16443 ) 域名形式。
kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes --certificate-authority=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem --embed-certs=true --server=https://10.10.107.222:16443 --kubeconfig=scheduler.conf

# 设置认证
kubectl config set-credentials system:kube-scheduler --client-certificate=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/scheduler.pem --client-key=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/scheduler-key.pem --embed-certs=true --kubeconfig=scheduler.conf

# 设置上下文
kubectl config set-context system:kube-scheduler --cluster=kubernetes --user=system:kube-scheduler --kubeconfig=scheduler.conf

# 且换上下文
kubectl config use-context system:kube-scheduler --kubeconfig=scheduler.conf

步骤 03.创建 kube-scheduler 服务配置文件

cat > /etc/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler.conf << "EOF"
KUBE_SCHEDULER_OPTS="--address=127.0.0.1 \
--secure-port=10259 \
--kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/scheduler.conf \
--authentication-kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/scheduler.conf \
--authorization-kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/scheduler.conf \
--client-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
--tls-cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/scheduler.pem \
--tls-private-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/scheduler-key.pem \
--leader-elect=true \
--alsologtostderr=true \
--logtostderr=false \
--log-dir=/var/log/kubernetes \
--v=2"
EOF

步骤 04.创建 kube-scheduler 服务启动配置文件

cat > /lib/systemd/system/kube-scheduler.service << "EOF"
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Scheduler
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes

[Service]
EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler.conf
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/kube-scheduler $KUBE_SCHEDULER_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=5

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

步骤 05.【master-225】同样分发上述文件到其它master节点中。

# scheduler 证书 及 kube-scheduler.conf 配置文件、kube-scheduler.service 服务管理配置文件
scp -P 20211 /etc/kubernetes/ssl/scheduler.pem /etc/kubernetes/ssl/scheduler-key.pem /etc/kubernetes/scheduler.conf /etc/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler.conf /lib/systemd/system/kube-scheduler.service weiyigeek@master-223:/tmp
scp -P 20211 /etc/kubernetes/ssl/scheduler.pem /etc/kubernetes/ssl/scheduler-key.pem /etc/kubernetes/scheduler.conf /etc/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler.conf /lib/systemd/system/kube-scheduler.service weiyigeek@master-224:/tmp

# 【master-223】 【master-224】 执行如下命令将上传到/tmp相关文件放入指定目录中
mv scheduler*.pem /etc/kubernetes/ssl/
mv scheduler.conf /etc/kubernetes/scheduler.conf
mv kube-scheduler.conf /etc/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler.conf
mv kube-scheduler.service /lib/systemd/system/kube-scheduler.service

步骤 06.【所有master节点】重载 systemd 以及自动启用 kube-scheduler 服务。

systemctl daemon-reload 
systemctl enable --now kube-scheduler
systemctl status kube-scheduler

步骤 07.【所有master节点】验证所有master节点各个组件状态, 正常状态下如下, 如有错误请排查通过后在进行后面操作。

kubectl get componentstatuses
  # Warning: v1 ComponentStatus is deprecated in v1.19+
  # NAME                 STATUS    MESSAGE                         ERROR
  # controller-manager   Healthy   ok
  # scheduler            Healthy   ok
  # etcd-0               Healthy   {"health":"true","reason":""}
  # etcd-1               Healthy   {"health":"true","reason":""}
  # etcd-2               Healthy   {"health":"true","reason":""}

WeiyiGeek.所有master节点组件状态

6) 部署配置 kubelet

步骤 01.【master-225】读取BOOTSTRAP_TOKE 并创建 kubelet 的 kubeconfig 配置文件 kubelet.conf。

cd /etc/kubernetes/

# 读取 bootstrap-token 值
BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN=$(awk -F "," '{print $1}' /etc/kubernetes/bootstrap-token.csv)

# BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN="123456.httpweiyigeektop"

# 设置集群 也可采用 (https://weiyigeek.cluster.k8s:16443 ) 域名形式。
kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes --certificate-authority=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem --embed-certs=true --server=https://weiyigeek.cluster.k8s:16443 --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/kubelet-bootstrap.kubeconfig

# 设置认证
kubectl config set-credentials kubelet-bootstrap --token=${BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN} --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/kubelet-bootstrap.kubeconfig

# 设置上下文
kubectl config set-context default --cluster=kubernetes --user=kubelet-bootstrap --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/kubelet-bootstrap.kubeconfig

# 且换上下文
kubectl config use-context default  --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/kubelet-bootstrap.kubeconfig

步骤 02.完成后我们需要进行集群角色绑定。

# 角色授权
kubectl create clusterrolebinding cluster-system-anonymous --clusterrole=cluster-admin --user=kubelet-bootstrap
kubectl create clusterrolebinding kubelet-bootstrap --clusterrole=system:node-bootstrapper --user=kubelet-bootstrap  --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/kubelet-bootstrap.kubeconfig

# 授权 kubelet 创建 CSR 
kubectl create clusterrolebinding create-csrs-for-bootstrapping --clusterrole=system:node-bootstrapper --group=system:bootstrappers

# 对 CSR 进行批复
# 允许 kubelet 请求并接收新的证书
kubectl create clusterrolebinding auto-approve-csrs-for-group --clusterrole=system:certificates.k8s.io:certificatesigningrequests:nodeclient --group=system:bootstrappers

# 允许 kubelet 对其客户端证书执行续期操作
kubectl create clusterrolebinding auto-approve-renewals-for-nodes --clusterrole=system:certificates.k8s.io:certificatesigningrequests:selfnodeclient --group=system:bootstrappers

步骤 03.创建 kubelet 配置文件，配置参考地址（https://kubernetes.io/docs/reference/config-api/kubelet-config.v1beta1/）

温馨提示: 该章节未完，如需查看请访问下面的原文连接【https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/-ksiNJG6v4q47ez7_H3uYQ】，实践知识不易，希望大家能谢谢支持。

原文地址：https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/-ksiNJG6v4q47ez7_H3uYQ

本文至此完毕，更多技术文章，尽情期待下一章节！

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