python之json操作

1.json.dumps()用于将dict类型的数据转成str

备注：文件路径前面加上 r 是为了避免转义

1 import json
2
3 dict = {'a': 'wo', 'b': 'zai', 'c': 'zhe', 'd': 'li'}
4 string = json.dumps(dict)
5 print(dict)
6 print(string)
7 print(type(dict))
8 print(type(string))
9
10 with open(r'C:\Users\zy\Documents\GitHub\python3\searchTest\json.json','w')as f:
11 f.write(string)

1 {'a': 'wo', 'b': 'zai', 'c': 'zhe', 'd': 'li'}
2 {"a": "wo", "b": "zai", "c": "zhe", "d": "li"}
3
4

如果没有进行转换，则会报错：TypeError: write() argument must be str, not dict

1 import json
2
3 dict = {'a': 'wo', 'b': 'zai', 'c': 'zhe', 'd': 'li'}
4 with open(r'C:\Users\zy\Documents\GitHub\python3\searchTest\json.json','w')as f:
5 f.write(dict)

1 {'a': 'wo', 'b': 'zai', 'c': 'zhe', 'd': 'li'}
2 Traceback (most recent call last):
3
4 File "C:/Users/zy/Documents/GitHub/python3/searchTest/json_test.py", line 11, in
5 f.write(dict)
6 TypeError: write() argument must be str, not dict

 json.dumps()参数解释：常用参数解释

indent：应该是一个非负的整型，如果是0，或者为空，则一行显示数据；否则会换行且按照indent的数量显示前面的空白

sort_keys：将数据根据keys的值进行排序

1 response = requests.post(url=url,headers=headers).json()
2 print(json.dumps(response,sort_keys=True,indent=4))

举例结果：

1 {
2 "code": "200",
3 "message": "",
4 "redirect": "",
5 "value": {
6 "name": "so",
7 "title": "360",
8 "value": "2"
9 }
10 }

 

2.json.loads():用于将str类型的数据转成dict

1 dict = {'a': 'wo', 'b': 'zai', 'c': 'zhe', 'd': 'li'}
2 dumps = json.dumps(dict)
3 loads = json.loads(dumps)
4
5 print(dict)
6 print(dumps)
7 print(loads)
8
9 print(type(dict))
10 print(type(dumps))
11 print(type(loads))

1 {'a': 'wo', 'b': 'zai', 'c': 'zhe', 'd': 'li'}
2 {"a": "wo", "b": "zai", "c": "zhe", "d": "li"}
3 {'a': 'wo', 'b': 'zai', 'c': 'zhe', 'd': 'li'}
4
5
6

 

3.json.dump()用于将dict类型的数据转成str，并写入到json文件中

1 dict = {'a': 'wo', 'b': 'zai', 'c': 'zhe', 'd': 'li'}
2 json.dump(dict,open(r'C:\Users\zy\Documents\GitHub\python3\searchTest\json.json','w'))

 

4.json.load()用于从json文件中读取数据

1 filename = (r'C:\Users\zy\Documents\GitHub\python3\searchTest\json.json')
2 jsObj = json.load(open(filename))
3 print(jsObj)
4 print(type(jsObj))1 {'a': 'wo', 'b': 'zai', 'c': 'zhe', 'd': 'li'}
2

 

 

常见问题:

　　1. json.dumps方法默认会输出成这种格式​​"\u535a\u5ba2\u56ed"​​

　　要输出中文需要指定ensure_ascii参数为False，如下代码片段：

json.dumps({'text':"中文"},ensure_ascii=False,indent=2) # indent 进行缩进展示