如何批量验证字符串是有效的IPv4或IPv6地址

来源：互联网收集：自由互联发布时间：2023-07-02

我需要在批处理脚本中验证字符串是否为有效的IPv4或IPv6地址，但显然批处理没有解析IP地址的简单方法。如何在不使用外部工具的我需要在批处理脚本中验证字符串是否为有效的 IPv4

我需要在批处理脚本中验证字符串是否为有效的IPv4或IPv6地址，但显然批处理没有解析IP地址的简单方法。如何在不使用外部工具的

我需要在批处理脚本中验证字符串是否为有效的 IPv4 或 IPv6 地址，但显然批处理没有解析 IP 地址的简单方法。

如何在不使用外部工具的情况下在批处理中执行此操作？“外部工具”是指正常 Windows 安装中尚不存在的东西。

“有效的 IPv4 或 IPv6 地址”是指采用 IP 地址格式的字符串，类似字符串的误报999.999.999.999是可以的（即使一些基本过滤是受欢迎的）。根据经验，解决方案至少应该能够区分错误消息和地址。

我知道一个类似的问题已经存在，但是这个问题没有考虑 IPv6，而且它对“有效 IPv4 地址”的定义更加严格（类似999.999.999.999是不可接受的）。

回答

检查有效的 IPv4：

@if (@X)==(@Y) @end /* JScript comment @echo off cscript //E:JScript //nologo "%~f0" %* exit /b %errorlevel%@if (@X)==(@Y) @end JScript comment */WScript.Quit(ValidateIPaddress(WScript.Arguments.Item(0)));function ValidateIPaddress(ipaddress) { return !(/^(25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|[01]?[0-9][0-9]?).(25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|[01]?[0-9][0-9]?).(25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|[01]?[0-9][0-9]?).(25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|[01]?[0-9][0-9]?)$/.test(ipaddress))}

对于有效的 IPv6 地址：

@if (@X)==(@Y) @end /* JScript comment @echo off cscript //E:JScript //nologo "%~f0" %* exit /b %errorlevel%@if (@X)==(@Y) @end JScript comment */WScript.Quit(ValidateIPaddress(WScript.Arguments.Item(0)));function ValidateIPaddress(ipaddress) { return !(/(([0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}:){7,7}[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}|([0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}:){1,7}:|([0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}:){1,6}:[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}|([0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}:){1,5}(:[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}){1,2}|([0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}:){1,4}(:[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}){1,3}|([0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}:){1,3}(:[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}){1,4}|([0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}:){1,2}(:[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}){1,5}|[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}:((:[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}){1,6})|:((:[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}){1,7}|:)|fe80:(:[0-9a-fA-F]{0,4}){0,4}%[0-9a-zA-Z]{1,}|::(ffff(:0{1,4}){0,1}:){0,1}((25[0-5]|(2[0-4]|1{0,1}[0-9]){0,1}[0-9]).){3,3}(25[0-5]|(2[0-4]|1{0,1}[0-9]){0,1}[0-9])|([0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}:){1,4}:((25[0-5]|(2[0-4]|1{0,1}[0-9]){0,1}[0-9]).){3,3}(25[0-5]|(2[0-4]|1{0,1}[0-9]){0,1}[0-9]))/gm.test(ipaddress))}

两者都依赖于退出代码，因此它们的使用方法如下：

call validIPV4.bat 12.12.12.12 s criteria for IPv4. For v6 a simple group is probably required.

回答

经过一些试验（和谷歌搜索），我设法编写了一个函数，在 Powershell 的帮助下检查地址的有效性。

该函数需要一个变量名和一个字符串（用引号括起来）。如果字符串是有效的 IP，则变量的值设置为True，否则设置为False。

set "_ip=127.0.0.1"call :checkip _result "%_ip%"echo %_result%set "_ip=::1/128"call :checkip _result "%_ip%"echo %_result%set "_ip=Not an ip address"call :checkip _result "%_ip%"echo %_result%goto :eof:checkipsetlocalset _var=%1set _ip=%~2set _prefixlenght=%_ip:*/=%call set _ip=%%_ip:/%_prefixlenght%=%%for /F "usebackq tokens=*" %%g in (`powershell -c "$ipaddrobj = [ipaddress]::Any ; if (!([ipaddress]::TryParse('%_ip%', [ref]$ipaddrobj))){if (!([ipaddress]::TryParse('%_ip%'.split(':')[0], [ref]$ipaddrobj))){return $false}} ; return $true"`) do (set _ipvalid=%%g)endlocal t meet your own criteria of `999.999.999.999` being an acceptable input.

@SomethingDark It isnt a criteria, I just said that its OK if a solution has false positives like `999.999.999.999`.

In your last sentence, you explicitly listed not accepting `999.999.999.999` as one of the reasons that the suggested duplicate was an insufficient solution.

回答

这是使用 VbscriptRegEx来检查 IPv4 或 IPv6的尝试

正则表达式演示在这里

脚本

Option ExplicitDim Title,IP,Array_IPTitle = "Test the validity of an IP address IPv4 Or IPv6"ForceCScriptExecution(Title)Array_IP = Array(_ "1200:0000:AB00:1234:0000:2552:7777:1313",_ "192.168.1.1",_ "255.255.0.0",_ "172.16.18.21",_ "172.16.18.500",_ "1600:0000:AB30:1234:0000:2552:7777:1313",_ "172.16.300.21",_ "172.16.18.23",_ "172.256.18.21",_ "255.255.255.0",_ "255.255.255.255"_)For Each IP in Array_IP If Is_Valid(IP) = True Then Wscript.echo IP & " is a Valid IP Address" Else Wscript.echo IP & " is Not a Valid IP Address" End ifNextWscript.sleep 20000'------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Function Is_Valid(ip) Dim RegularExpressionObject Set RegularExpressiOnObject= New RegExp With RegularExpressionObject .Pattern = "(^((25[0-5]|2[0-4]d|1?d?d).){3}(25[0-5]|2[0-4]d|1?d?d)$)|(([0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}:){7,7}[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}|([0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}:){1,7}:|([0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}:){1,6}:[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}|([0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}:){1,5}(:[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}){1,2}|([0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}:){1,4}(:[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}){1,3}|([0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}:){1,3}(:[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}){1,4}|([0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}:){1,2}(:[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}){1,5}|[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}:((:[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}){1,6})|:((:[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}){1,7}|:)|fe80:(:[0-9a-fA-F]{0,4}){0,4}%[0-9a-zA-Z]{1,}|::(ffff(:0{1,4}){0,1}:){0,1}((25[0-5]|(2[0-4]|1{0,1}[0-9]){0,1}[0-9]).){3,3}(25[0-5]|(2[0-4]|1{0,1}[0-9]){0,1}[0-9])|([0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}:){1,4}:((25[0-5]|(2[0-4]|1{0,1}[0-9]){0,1}[0-9]).){3,3}(25[0-5]|(2[0-4]|1{0,1}[0-9]){0,1}[0-9]))" .IgnoreCase = False If .Test(ip)= True then Is_Valid = True end if End WithEnd Function'------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Sub ForceCScriptExecution(Title) Dim Arg, Str, cmd cmd = "CMD /C Title " & Title &" & color 0A & Mode 80,30 & " If Not LCase( Right( WScript.FullName, 12 ) ) = "cscript.exe" Then For Each Arg In WScript.Arguments If InStr( Arg, " " ) Then Arg = """" & Arg & """" Str = Str & " " & Arg Next CreateObject( "WScript.Shell" ).Run _ cmd & "cscript //nologo """ & _ WScript.ScriptFullName & _ """ " & Str WScript.Quit End IfEnd Sub'-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

批处理文件：

@echo offTitle Test the validity of an IP address IPv4 Or IPv6set "_IP=1200:0000:AB00:1234:0000:2552:7777:1313"Call :CheckIp "%_IP%" Validityif [%Validity%] equ [0] ( color 0A echo "%_IP%" is a valid ip) else ( Color 0C echo "%_IP%" is not a valid ip)Pauseset "_IP=192.168.500.300"ClsCall :CheckIp "%_IP%" Validityif [%Validity%] equ [0] ( color 0A echo "%_IP%" is a valid ip) else ( Color 0C echo "%_IP%" is not a valid ip)PauseExit::--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------:CheckIP Set "VbsFile=%Temp%%~n0.vbs"( echo WScript.Echo(Is_Valid("%~1"^)^) echo Function Is_Valid(ip^) echo Dim RegularExpressionObject echo Set RegularExpressiOnObject= New RegExp echo With RegularExpressionObject echo .Pattern = "(^((25[0-5]|2[0-4]d|1?d?d).){3}(25[0-5]|2[0-4]d|1?d?d)$)|(([0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}:){7,7}[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}|([0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}:){1,7}:|([0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}:){1,6}:[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}|([0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}:){1,5}(:[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}){1,2}|([0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}:){1,4}(:[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}){1,3}|([0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}:){1,3}(:[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}){1,4}|([0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}:){1,2}(:[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}){1,5}|[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}:((:[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}){1,6})|:((:[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}){1,7}|:)|fe80:(:[0-9a-fA-F]{0,4}){0,4}%[0-9a-zA-Z]{1,}|::(ffff(:0{1,4}){0,1}:){0,1}((25[0-5]|(2[0-4]|1{0,1}[0-9]){0,1}[0-9]).){3,3}(25[0-5]|(2[0-4]|1{0,1}[0-9]){0,1}[0-9])|([0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}:){1,4}:((25[0-5]|(2[0-4]|1{0,1}[0-9]){0,1}[0-9]).){3,3}(25[0-5]|(2[0-4]|1{0,1}[0-9]){0,1}[0-9]))" echo .IgnoreCase = False echo If .Test(ip^)= True then echo Is_Valid = 0 echo Else echo Is_Valid = 1 echo End if echo End With echo End Function)>"%VbsFile%"@for /f "delims=" %%a in ('cscript //nologo "%VbsFile%"') do set "%2=%%a"Exit /B::--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

回答

如何在不使用外部工具的情况下在批处理中执行此操作？“外部工具”是指正常 Windows 安装中尚不存在的东西。

您可以使用与所有 Windows 计算机捆绑在一起的 powershell，即：

ip_validate.bat

@echo offpowershell -Command "[ipaddress]::TryParse('192.168.1.1',[ref][ipaddress]::Loopback)"powershell -Command "[ipaddress]::TryParse('192.168.1.256',[ref][ipaddress]::Loopback)"powershell -Command "[ipaddress]::TryParse('2001:0db8:85a3:0000:0000:8a2e:0370:7334',[ref][ipaddress]::Loopback)"powershell -Command "[ipaddress]::TryParse('20ddd01:0db8:85a3:0000:0000:8a2e:0370:7334',[ref][ipaddress]::Loopback)"

输出：

TrueFalseTrueFalse

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