图解应用集成开发环境设计GUI程序

效果如图：

新建NewSampleApplication应用程序代码,清单如下：

1 package com.javaapp.ch12;
  2 
  3 //导入所需类包
  4 import java.awt.BorderLayout;
  5 
  6 import javax.swing.ActionMap;
  7 import javax.swing.JButton;
  8 import javax.swing.JMenu;
  9 import javax.swing.JMenuBar;
 10 import javax.swing.JMenuItem;
 11 import javax.swing.JPanel;
 12 import javax.swing.JSeparator;
 13 import javax.swing.JToolBar;
 14 
 15 import org.jdesktop.application.Action;
 16 import org.jdesktop.application.Application;
 17 import org.jdesktop.application.SingleFrameApplication;
 18 
 19 /**
 20  * 继承于只有一个主窗口的SingleFrameApplication
 21  */
 22 public class NewSampleApplication extends SingleFrameApplication {
 23     //定义组建变量
 24     private JMenuBar menuBar;
 25     private JPanel topPanel;
 26     private JMenuItem jMenuItem7;
 27     private JMenuItem jMenuItem6;
 28     private JMenuItem jMenuItem5;
 29     private JMenuItem jMenuItem4;
 30     private JMenu editMenu;
 31     private JMenuItem jMenuItem3;
 32     private JMenuItem jMenuItem2;
 33     private JMenuItem jMenuItem1;
 34     private JMenu fileMenu;
 35     private JSeparator jSeparator;
 36     private JButton saveButton;
 37     private JButton openButton;
 38     private JButton newButton;
 39     private JToolBar toolBar;
 40     private JPanel toolBarPanel;
 41     private JPanel contentPanel;
 42     //用@Action 标注定义动作
 43     @Action
 44     public void open() {
 45         //添加事件代码
 46     }
 47 
 48     @Action
 49     public void save() {
 50     }
 51 
 52     @Action
 53     public void newFile() {
 54     }
 55     //使用ApplicationContext的getActionMap方法来建立包含open和close的ActionMap
 56     private ActionMap getAppActionMap() {
 57         return Application.getInstance().getContext().getActionMap(this);
 58     }
 59 
 60     @Override
 61     protected void startup() {  //扩展Application类并覆盖startup方法。startup方法应当建立和显示应用程序出事的GUI。
 62         {
 63             topPanel = new JPanel();
 64             BorderLayout panelLayout = new BorderLayout();
 65             topPanel.setLayout(panelLayout);
 66             topPanel.setPreferredSize(new java.awt.Dimension(500, 300));
 67             {
 68                 contentPanel = new JPanel();
 69                 topPanel.add(contentPanel, BorderLayout.CENTER);
 70             }
 71             {
 72                 toolBarPanel = new JPanel();
 73                 topPanel.add(toolBarPanel, BorderLayout.NORTH);
 74                 BorderLayout jPanel1Layout = new BorderLayout();
 75                 toolBarPanel.setLayout(jPanel1Layout);
 76                 {
 77                     toolBar = new JToolBar();
 78                     toolBarPanel.add(toolBar, BorderLayout.CENTER);
 79                     {
 80                         newButton = new JButton();
 81                         toolBar.add(newButton);
 82                         newButton.setAction(getAppActionMap().get("newFile"));
 83                         newButton.setName("newButton");
 84                         newButton.setFocusable(false);
 85                     }
 86                     {
 87                         openButton = new JButton();
 88                         toolBar.add(openButton);
 89                         openButton.setAction(getAppActionMap().get("open"));
 90                         openButton.setName("openButton");
 91                         openButton.setFocusable(false);
 92                     }
 93                     {
 94                         saveButton = new JButton();
 95                         toolBar.add(saveButton);
 96                         saveButton.setAction(getAppActionMap().get("save"));
 97                         saveButton.setName("saveButton");
 98                         saveButton.setFocusable(false);
 99                     }
100                 }
101                 {
102                     jSeparator = new JSeparator();
103                     toolBarPanel.add(jSeparator, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
104                 }
105             }
106         }
107         menuBar = new JMenuBar();
108         {
109             fileMenu = new JMenu();
110             menuBar.add(fileMenu);
111             fileMenu.setName("fileMenu");
112         {
113                 jMenuItem1 = new JMenuItem();
114                 fileMenu.add(jMenuItem1);
115                 jMenuItem1.setAction(getAppActionMap().get("newFile"));
116             }
117             {
118                 jMenuItem2 = new JMenuItem();
119                 fileMenu.add(jMenuItem2);
120                 jMenuItem2.setAction(getAppActionMap().get("open"));
121             }
122             {
123                 jMenuItem3 = new JMenuItem();
124                 fileMenu.add(jMenuItem3);
125                 jMenuItem3.setAction(getAppActionMap().get("save"));
126             }
127         }
128         {
129             editMenu = new JMenu();
130             menuBar.add(editMenu);
131             editMenu.setName("editMenu");
132         {
133                 jMenuItem4 = new JMenuItem();
134                 editMenu.add(jMenuItem4);
135                 jMenuItem4.setAction(getAppActionMap().get("copy"));
136             }
137             {
138                 jMenuItem5 = new JMenuItem();
139                 editMenu.add(jMenuItem5);
140                 jMenuItem5.setAction(getAppActionMap().get("cut"));
141             }
142             {
143                 jMenuItem6 = new JMenuItem();
144                 editMenu.add(jMenuItem6);
145                 jMenuItem6.setAction(getAppActionMap().get("paste"));
146             }
147             {
148                 jMenuItem7 = new JMenuItem();
149                 editMenu.add(jMenuItem7);
150                 jMenuItem7.setAction(getAppActionMap().get("delete"));
151             }
152         }
153         getMainFrame().setJMenuBar(menuBar);
154         show(topPanel);
155     }
156 
157     public static void main(String[] args) {
158         //在main方法中，调用Application.launch方法。这将构建并启动在事件分派线程上的Application子类
159         launch(NewSampleApplication.class, args);
160     }
161 
162 }

程序分析：

    在上面程序中，用@Action 标注作为Action的actionPerformed方法的方法。ApplicationContext.getActionMap方法建立了包含由某些类定义的每个@Action的Action对象的ActionMap。ActionMap将父类连接起来，并且每个Application的子类都有父类。这样，所有的应用程序继承了从Application基类定义的cut、copy、paste、delete和quit动作。使用ApplicationContext的getActionMap方法来建立包含save、newFile、open的ActionMap。