Django(part39)--制作图书管理系统

来源：互联网收集：自由互联发布时间：2022-06-15

学习笔记，仅供参考，有错必究文章目录制作图书管理系统第一步第二步第三步制作图书管理系统我们基于上一个博客Django(part38)–制作登录界

学习笔记，仅供参考，有错必究

文章目录

制作图书管理系统

第一步
第二步
第三步

制作图书管理系统

我们基于上一个博客Django(part38)–制作登录界面的mywebsite_bookstore项目，制作一个图书管理系统。

第一步

向数据库中添加一些图书信息

首先我们先创建后台管理账号：

F:\MyStudio\PythonStudio\goatbishop.project01\Django\mywebsite_bookstore>python manage.py createsuperuser
Username (leave blank to use 'goatbishop'):
Email address: goatbishop@gmail.com
Password:
Password (again):
This password is entirely numeric.
Bypass password validation and create user anyway? [y/N]: N
Password:
Password (again):
Superuser created successfully.

我们打开bookstore应用下的admin.py，并进行注册：

from django.contrib import admin
from . import models

# Register your models here.

class Book_Manager(admin.ModelAdmin):
list_display = ['title', 'pub_house','price', 'market_price']
list_filter = ['pub_house']
search_fields = ['title', 'pub_house']
list_editable = ['market_price']

admin.site.register(models.Book, Book_Manager)

开启服务，进入admin数据库后台管理系统，随便添加几本书：

Django(part39)--制作图书管理系统_html

第二步

设置登录用户可以浏览、删除、修改和添加图书信息，但是未登录的用户，只能浏览图书信息，无权更改。

首先，我们在主模板文件夹下，修改主页homepage.html：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>首页</title>
</head>
<body>

{# 判断是否有userinfo来确定是否已经登陆 #}
{% if request.session.userinfo %}
欢迎:{{request.session.userinfo.username }}
<br>
<a href="/userinfo/logout/">退出登录</a>
<br><br>
<div>
<a href="/bookstore/add/">添加新书</a>
<a href="/bookstore/list_all/">查看全部图书</a>
</div>

{% else %}
<ul>
<li><a href="/userinfo/login/">登陆</a></li>
<li><a href="/userinfo/reg/">注册</a></li>

</ul>
游客, 您可以<a href="/bookstore/list_all/">查看全部图书</a>
<br><br>
若您想对书籍信息进行修改，请先登录！
{% endif %}

</body>
</html>

如果我们在登录状态下，主页是这样的：

Django(part39)--制作图书管理系统_django_02

在未登录状态下，主页是这样的：

Django(part39)--制作图书管理系统_图书管理系统_03

我们先在bookstore应用下的urls.py模块中添加路由：

from django.urls import re_path
from . import views

urlpatterns = [
re_path(r'^$', views.homepage),
re_path(r'^add/$', views.new_book),
re_path(r'^list_all/$', views.list_books),
re_path(r'^mod/(\w+)/$', views.mod_book_info),
re_path(r'^del/(\w+)/$', views.del_book),
]

再bookstore应用下的views.py模块中添加视图函数：

from django.shortcuts import render

# Create your views here.

from django.http import HttpResponse
from . import models
from django.http import Http404

def homepage(request):
return render(request, 'index.html')

def new_book(request):
# 为添加新收功能提供权限验证
if 'userinfo' not in request.session:
raise Http404

if request.method == 'GET':
return render(request, 'new_book.html')
elif request.method == 'POST':
title = request.POST.get('title', '')
pub_house = request.POST.get('pub_house', '')
price = request.POST.get('price', '')
market_price = request.POST.get('market_price', '')
# 用Book.object管理器的create方法来创建新书
abook = models.Book.objects.create(title=title,
price=price,
market_price=market_price,
pub_house=pub_house)
print('添加新书,成功添加新书:', abook.title)
return HttpResponse('<a href="/bookstore/">添加新书成功，点我跳转到书库</a>')

def list_books(request):
books = models.Book.objects.all()
return render(request, 'book_list.html', locals())

def mod_book_info(request, book_name):
# 先根据book_id 找到对应的一本书
try:
abook = models.Book.objects.get(title = book_name)
except:
return HttpResponse("没有找到" + book_name + "的图书信息")

if request.method == 'GET':
return render(request, "mod_price.html", locals())
elif request.method == 'POST':
try:
m_price = request.POST.get('market_price', '0.0')
abook.market_price = m_price
abook.save() # 提交修改
html = "修改成功 <div><a href='/bookstore/list_all/'>回到书籍浏览界面</a></div>"
return HttpResponse(html)
except:
return HttpResponse("修改失败")

from django.http import HttpResponseRedirect # 改入 HttpResponseRedirect模块用于重定向url
def del_book(request, book_name):
try:
abook = models.Book.objects.get(title = book_name)
abook.delete()
return HttpResponseRedirect('/bookstore/list_all/')
except:
return HttpResponse("没有找到" + book_name + "的图书信息,删除失败")

在主模板文件夹下创建各种模板。

index.html

<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>书库</title>
</head>
<body>
<ul>
{% if request.session.userinfo %}
<li><a href="/bookstore/add/">添加新图书</a></li>
<li><a href="/bookstore/list_all/">显示所有图书</a></li>
{% else %}
<li><a href="/bookstore/list_all/">显示所有图书</a></li>
{% endif %}
</ul>
</body>
</html>

mod_price.html

<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>修改价格</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="/bookstore/mod/{{ abook.title }}/" method="post">
<div>书名: {{ abook.title }}</div>
<div>版社名: {{ abook.pub_house }}</div>
<div>定价: {{ abook.price }}</div>
<div>
零售价：<input type="text" name="market_price" value="{{ abook.market_price }}"placeholder="零售价" required>
</div>
<div>
<input type="submit" value="修改价格">
</div>
</form>
</body>
</html>

new_book.html

<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>添加新书</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="/bookstore/add/" method="post">
<div>
<input type="text" name="title" placeholder="新书名" required value="书名">
</div>
<div>
<input type="text" name="pub_house" placeholder="新版社名" required>
</div>
<div>
<input type="text" name="price" placeholder="定价" required>
</div>
<div>
<input type="text" name="market_price" placeholder="零售价" required>
</div>
<div>
<input type="submit" value="添加新书">
</div>
</form>
</body>
</html>

book_list.html

<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>图书列表</title>
</head>
<body>
<a href="/bookstore/">进入书库</a>  
<a href="/">返回首页</a>
<table>
<tr>
<th>书名</th>
<th>出版社</th>
<th>定价</th>
<th>零售价</th>
<th>修改</th>
<th>删除</th>
</tr>
{% for abook in books %}
<tr>
<td>{{ abook.title }}</td>
<td>{{ abook.pub_house }}</td>
<td>{{ abook.price }}</td>
<td>{{ abook.market_price }}</td>
{% if request.session.userinfo %}
<td><a href="/bookstore/mod/{{ abook.title }}">修改</a></td>
<td><a href="/bookstore/del/{{ abook.title }}">删除</a></td>
{% else %}
<td colspan="2">您无权更改</td>
{% endif %}
</tr>
{% endfor %}
</table>
</body>
</html>