Solutaion
A. Creating a Character
题意:
给出初始体力值\(str\)和智力值\(int\),然后你可以把\(exp\)分别分配给这两个数值,使得分配后\(str > int\),求有多少种分配方案。
思路:
- 特判不可能情况:\(str + exp <= int\)
- \(str <= int\),乱搞
- \(str > int\),乱搞
正解:
假设分别分配给\(str,int\)的数值为\(Adds,Addi\),那么有
\[ \begin{align*} & str + Adds > int + Addi \{\Rightarrow}{\quad} & str + Adds > int + (exp - Adds)\{\Rightarrow}{\quad} &2{\ast}Adds > int + exp - str\{\Rightarrow}{\quad} &2{\ast}Adds\ {\geq}\ int + exp - str + 1\{\Rightarrow}{\quad} &Adds\ {\geq}\ {\lceil}{\frac{int + exp - str + 1}{2}}{\rceil}\{\Rightarrow}{\quad} &Adds\ {\geq}\ {\frac{int + exp - str + 1 + 1}{2}} \end{align*} \]
因为非负,所以\(Adds=max(0,{\frac{int + exp - str + 2}{2}})\),定义这个值为\(minAdds\),分配值的区间为\([minAdds,exp]\),那么答案为\(ans=max(0,exp - minAdds + 1)\)。
//#define DEBUG #include<bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; const int N = 100010; const int inf = 0X3f3f3f3f; const long long INF = 0x3f3f3f3f3f3f3f3f; const double eps = 1e-6; const double pi = acos(-1.0); const int mod = 1000000007; typedef long long ll; int _; int main() { #ifdef DEBUG freopen("in.txt", "r", stdin); #endif for (scanf("%d", &_); _; _--) { ll str, intt, exp; scanf("%lld %lld %lld", &str, &intt, &exp); if (str + exp <= intt) puts("0"); else if (str <= intt) { ll x = exp - (intt - str); printf("%lld\n", x % 2 ? x / 2 + 1 : x / 2); } else { if (intt + exp - str < 0) printf("%lld\n", exp + 1); else { ll x = (intt + exp - str) / 2 + 1; printf("%lld\n", exp - x + 1); } } } }
//#define DEBUG #include<bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; const int N = 100010; const int inf = 0X3f3f3f3f; const long long INF = 0x3f3f3f3f3f3f3f3f; const double eps = 1e-6; const double pi = acos(-1.0); const int mod = 1000000007; typedef long long ll; int _; int main() { #ifdef DEBUG freopen("in.txt", "r", stdin); #endif for (scanf("%d", &_); _; _--) { int st, in, ex, tmp; scanf("%d %d %d", &st, &in, &ex); tmp = max(0, (in + ex - st + 2) / 2); printf("%d\n", max(ex - tmp + 1, 0)); } }
B. Zmei Gorynich
题意:
让你斩杀多头蛇,给出头数\(x\)和你可以斩杀的类型\(n\)。每种类型包含两个数\(d,h\),代表每次斩杀能斩掉\(d\)个头,如果没死的话,他会长出\(h\)个头。问最少斩杀次数。
思路:
首先,如果第一次用最大“毛斩杀”可以杀死就结束了,如果不能杀死,就用最大“纯斩杀”来斩。
//#define DEBUG #include<bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; const int N = 100010; const int inf = 0X3f3f3f3f; const long long INF = 0x3f3f3f3f3f3f3f3f; const double eps = 1e-6; const double pi = acos(-1.0); const int mod = 1000000007; typedef long long ll; int _; int main() { #ifdef DEBUG freopen("in.txt", "r", stdin); #endif for (scanf("%d", &_); _; _--) { int m, n; scanf("%d %d", &m, &n); int val = -inf, maxx = -inf; while (m--) { int u, v; scanf("%d %d", &u, &v); val = max(val, u - v); maxx = max(maxx, u); } ll ans = 1; n -= maxx; if (n > 0) { if (val <= 0) ans = -1; else ans += (n + val - 1) / val; } printf("%lld\n", ans); } }
C. The Number Of Good Substrings
题意:
假定\(f(t)=val\),其中\(t\)为\(01\)字符串,\(val\)为其代表的二进制值,比如\(f(011)=3,f(00101) = 5\)。给出一个\(01\)字符串,求有多少个子串使得\(f(s_l,s_{l+1},{\dots},s_r) = r - l + 1\)
思路:
因为字符串长度不超过\(2e5\),所以可以每次枚举20位去判断。预处理出\(nxt[i]\),表示\(1{\dots}i\)中最后一个\(1\)的位置,\(nxt[i]=-1\)。枚举\(i\)前\(20\)位,定义\(sum\)为当前长度子串所代表的二进制的值。如果当前\(sum<=r-nxt[l]\),贡献\(+1\)。
//#define DEBUG #include<bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; const int N = 100010; const int inf = 0X3f3f3f3f; const long long INF = 0x3f3f3f3f3f3f3f3f; const double eps = 1e-6; const double pi = acos(-1.0); const int mod = 1000000007; typedef long long ll; int _; char s[2 * N]; int nxt[2 * N]; int main() { #ifdef DEBUG freopen("in.txt", "r", stdin); #endif for (scanf("%d", &_); _; _--) { scanf("%s", s); int len = strlen(s); for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) { if (s[i] == '0') nxt[i] = (i == 0 ? -1 : nxt[i - 1]); else nxt[i] = i; } int ans = 0; for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) { int sum = 0; for (int j = i; j >= 0 && i - j + 1 <= 20; j--) { if (s[j] == '0') continue; sum += 1 << (i - j); if (sum <= i - (j == 0 ? -1 : nxt[j - 1])) ans++; } } printf("%d\n", ans); } }
D. Coloring Edges
题意:
给出\(n\)个点\(m\)条边的有向图,然后给边染色,用最少种类的颜料,使得环上的边不是纯色。求最少种类。
思路:
画出图可以分析出,不存在环显然一种即可。若存在环,最多需要两种颜料。在发现环的时候换色即可。好像之前做过类似的题目。但是比赛时没有看这个题。\(dfs\)先一次标记该点,用颜料1一直染边,如果遇到某点被一次标记,说明存在环,该边染为颜料2。如果遇到二次标记点,该边染为颜料1。
//#define DEBUG #include<bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; const int N = 100010; const int inf = 0X3f3f3f3f; const long long INF = 0x3f3f3f3f3f3f3f3f; const double eps = 1e-6; const double pi = acos(-1.0); const int mod = 1000000007; typedef long long ll; vector<pair<int, int> > G[5010]; int n, m; int colour[5010]; int res[5010]; bool flag; void dfs(int u) { colour[u] = 1; for (auto it : G[u]) { int to = it.first, id = it.second; if (!colour[to]) { res[id] = 1; dfs(to); } else if (colour[to] == 1) { res[id] = 2; flag = true; } else { res[id] = 1; } } colour[u] = 2; } int main() { #ifdef DEBUG freopen("in.txt", "r", stdin); #endif flag = false; scanf("%d %d", &n, &m); for (int i = 1; i <= m; i++) { int u, v; scanf("%d %d", &u, &v); G[u].push_back(make_pair(v, i)); } for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) { if (!colour[i]) dfs(i); } if (flag) puts("2"); else puts("1"); for (int i = 1; i <= m; i++) printf("%d%c", res[i], i == m ? '\n' : ' '); }
E. Sum Queries?
题意:
如果集合内元素右对齐放置,对应位出现的数字之和不等于对应位的非\(0\)数字,则说明该可重复元素集合是\(unbalanced\)。换句话说,就是如果放置后,对应位的数字有两个非\(0\)数字,就说明\(unbalanced\)。可单点修改某一位置的值,求每次询问区间的不平衡集合的最小和。
思路:
就是区间找两个对应位都不为\(0\)的数字,然后求最小和。因为\(a_i{\leq}10^9\)网上都是说开\(10\)棵线段树,我不是很理解这个说法,把数字\(x\)拆分开。如果某位数字不为0,就设为\(x\),否则设为\(inf\),然后维护每一位的最小值,维护答案。初始为\(inf\),单点更新和建树差不多。\(pushup\)操作就\(Min[rt][i]\)为左右儿子的对应的最小值,\(val[rt]\)就是左右儿子对应为都不为\(inf\)时的和,同时也是左右儿子的答案的最小值。\(query\)操作用\(res[i]\)保存这次查询历史对应位的最小值,然后\(ans=min(ans,res[i]+Min[rt][i])\),每次再更新\(res[i]\)。用我的\(inf\)会WA5,小于\(2e9\)。
//#define DEBUG #include<bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std; const int N = 100010; const int inf = 0X3f3f3f3f; const long long INF = 0x3f3f3f3f3f3f3f3f; const double eps = 1e-6; const double pi = acos(-1.0); const int mod = 1000000007; typedef long long ll; ll val[2 * N * 4], Min[2 * N * 4][15]; int a[2 * N]; int n, m; ll res[15]; ll ans; void pushup(int rt) { val[rt] = INF; for (int i = 0; i <= 12; i++) { if (Min[rt << 1][i] != INF && Min[rt << 1 | 1][i] != INF) { val[rt] = min(val[rt], Min[rt << 1][i] + Min[rt << 1 | 1][i]); } Min[rt][i] = min(Min[rt << 1][i], Min[rt << 1 | 1][i]); } val[rt] = min(val[rt], min(val[rt << 1], val[rt << 1 | 1])); } void build(int l, int r, int rt) { val[rt] = INF; if (l == r) { int tmp = a[l]; for (int i = 0; i <= 12; i++) { int x = tmp % 10; if (x == 0) Min[rt][i] = INF; else Min[rt][i] = a[l]; tmp /= 10; } return ; } int mid = l + r >> 1; build(l, mid, rt << 1); build(mid + 1, r, rt << 1 | 1); pushup(rt); } void modify(int pos, int x, int l, int r, int rt) { if (l == r) { int tmp = x; for (int i = 0; i <= 12; i++) { int y = tmp % 10; if (y == 0) Min[rt][i] = INF; else Min[rt][i] = x; tmp /= 10; } return ; } int mid = l + r >> 1; if (pos <= mid) modify(pos, x, l , mid, rt << 1); else modify(pos, x, mid + 1, r, rt << 1 | 1); pushup(rt); } void query(int L, int R, int l, int r, int rt) { if (L <= l && r <= R) { for (int i = 0; i <= 12; i++) { if (Min[rt][i] != INF && res[i] != INF) { ans = min(ans, Min[rt][i] + res[i]); } } for (int i = 0; i <= 12; i++) { res[i] = min(res[i], Min[rt][i]); } ans = min(ans, val[rt]); return ; } int mid = l + r >> 1; if (L <= mid) query(L, R, l, mid, rt << 1); if (R > mid) query(L, R, mid + 1, r, rt << 1 | 1); } int main() { #ifdef DEBUG freopen("in.txt", "r", stdin); #endif scanf("%d %d", &n, &m); for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) scanf("%d", &a[i]); build(1, n, 1); while (m--) { int op, l, r, pos, x; scanf("%d", &op); if (op == 1) { scanf("%d %d", &pos, &x); modify(pos, x, 1, n, 1); } else { scanf("%d %d", &l, &r); ans = INF; for (int i = 0; i <= 12; i++) res[i] = INF; query(l, r, 1, n, 1); printf("%lld\n", ans == INF ? -1 : ans); } } }